Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Flashcards
Who are Freud’s intellectual descendants in his contemporaries in psychoanalysis?
Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Erik Erikson
Who are Freud’s intellectual descendants in subsequent generation in psychoanalysis?
His daughter Anna Freud, Harry Stack Sullivan, Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Melanie Klein, Karen Horney, D. W. Winnicott, and Heinz Kohut
At various points in the evolution of his theory by others, Freud’s original term psychoanalysis was replaced by terms such as ______________________, ______________________, and ____________________.
- psychoanalytic psychotherapy
- neo-Freudian therapy
- psychodynamic psychotherapy
The primary goal of psychodynamic psychotherapy is to __________________________________
make the unconscious conscious
Psychodynamic psychotherapists help their clients become aware of _________________, ________________, and __________________.
thoughts, feelings, and other mental activities
This fundamental idea—the existence of the __________________—is one of Freud’s most important and enduring contributions to clinical psychology
unconscious
Freud changed the way we think about ourselves by proposing “mental processes that are ___________ the awareness of the individual and that have important, powerful influences on ______________ experiences”
outside, conscious
They argue that unconscious processes underlie all other forms of _________________ that clinical psychologists treat
psychopathology
Rather than understanding a client’s unconscious in an empirical, factual way, psychodynamic psychotherapists understand it through ____________, __________, and ____________.
inference, deduction, and conjecture
Psychodynamic psychotherapists try to “read” their clients and hypothesize about their unconscious activity using the following processes:
- Free Associaton
- Freudian Slips
- Dreams
- Resistance
- Defense Mechanisms
- Transference
It is a technique in which psychodynamic psychotherapists simply ask clients to say whatever comes to mind without censoring themselves at all.
Free association
Free association involves no ________________ at all from the therapist.
stimulus
According to psychodynamic psychotherapists, all our behavior is determined; there is no such thing as a random mistake, accident, or slip. So, if a behavior can’t be explained by motivations of which we are aware, unconscious motivations must be the cause. This is known as ________________.
Freudian “Slips”
Freud theorized that when we sleep, our minds convert latent content to manifest content. This process is
called __________________.
dream work
These are the raw thoughts and feelings of the unconscious
latent content
These the actual plot of the dream as we remember it
manifest content
Sigmund Freud (1900) famously called dreams the “_____________” to unconscious material.
royal road
Sometimes, when certain issues come up during the course of therapy, clients make it clear that they “don’t want to go there.” Psychodynamic psychotherapists have a name for this client behavior: ___________________.
resistance
Freud’s structural model of the mind includes three forces, the interaction of which takes place largely outside our awareness: _________, ___________, _________
id, superego, and ego
According to Freud, it is the part of the mind that generates all the pleasure-seeking, selfish, indulgent, animalistic impulses. It seeks immediate satisfaction of its wishes, most of which are biological in nature, and is oblivious to any consequences.
id
According to Freud, it is the part of the mind that establishes rules, restrictions, and prohibitions. It tells us what we “should” do, and it often uses guilt to discourage us from overindulging in immediate pleasure.
superego
Whereas Freud believed the id was inborn, he theorized that the superego became a part of the mind through experiences with authority figures, especially _______________
parents
According to Freud, it is a mediator, a compromise maker between the id and the superego. It faces the challenge of partially satisfying both of these opposing forces while also meeting the demands of reality
ego
Over time, the ego develops a collection of techniques on which it can rely and handle the id/superego conflict. It is this set of techniques that Freud and his followers call ____________________
defense mechanisms
When the id has an impulse and the superego rejects it, the ego can take the impulse and the internal conflict it creates and “sweep them under the rug” so that we never even become aware we had them in the first place.
Repression
It is a similar defense mechanism to repression, but it usually refers to events that happen to us rather than impulses that come from within us.
Denial
When the id has an impulse and the superego rejects it, we try to convince ourselves that the unacceptable impulse belongs to someone else, not to ourselves
Projection
When the id has an impulse and the superego rejects it, the ego can form a reaction against the id impulse—essentially, do the exact opposite. So when the id urges us to do something selfish, we don’t simply resist the temptation; we do something selfless, as if overcompensating for the original id impulse.
Reaction formation
Rather than aiming the id’s desired action at whom or what it wants, we redirect the impulse toward another person or object to minimize the repercussions—this way, the superego is somewhat satisfied as well.
Displacement
