Psychodynamic & humanistic theories Flashcards
what are the 3 components of Freud’s model of personality?
superego, ego, id
what are “defense mechanisms”?
a maladaptive response that occur when there is no realistic way to satisfy both the Id and the superego’s demands
what is Anxiety-arousing memories or impulses are pushed into the unconscious mind (a type of defense mechanism)?
repression
what is Refusing to acknowledge anxiety-inducing aspects of the environment or threatening feelings that are happening right now (a type of defense mechanism)?
denial
what is an unacceptable impulse is repressed and then attributed to other people (a type of defense mechanism)?
projection
what is An unacceptable or dangerous impulse is repressed, then redirected at a safer substitute target (a type of defense mechanism)?
displacement
what is The emotion connected with an upsetting event is repressed, and the situation is dealt with as an intellectually interesting event (a type of defense mechanism)?
intellectualization
what is a person constructs a false, but plausible explanation or excuse for an anxiety-arousing behaviour or event that has occurred (a type of defense mechanism)?
rationalization
what is An anxiety-arousing impulse is repressed, and it’s psychic energy finds release in an exaggerated expression of the opposite behaviour (a type of defense mechanism)?
reaction formation
what is A repressed impulse is released in the form of a socially acceptable or even admired behaviour (also known as the only healthy defense mechanism)?
sublimation
what is the Erogenous zone of the oral stage?
the mouth
what is the Erogenous zone of the phallic stage?
genitals
what is the Erogenous zone of the anal stage?
anus
what is the key task of the phallic stage?
resolving Oedipus complex
what is know as the Unconscious desire of the child to sexually possess the parent of the opposite sex (Freud’s controversial theory)?
the Oedipus complex
what does “successful resolution” of the Oedipus complex stage involve?
identification
what is an example of how the anal stage can affect someone later in life?
Exhibiting a tendency toward excessive neatness and obstinacy in how things are done
what is an example of how the oral stage can affect someone later in life?
oral stimulation–smoking cigars, sucking thumb
what are subjective norms, and what is an example?
the perception of what you think other people expect you to do (i.e. recycling when someone is watching)
what kind of character did Carl Jung believe existed?
an archetype
who proposed the idea of “womb-envy”?
Karen Horney
what is an example of a Psycho-dynamic personality test?
Rorschach inkblot Test, Thematic Apperception Test
what is Freud’s original theory known as?
psychoanalysis
what is congruence?
Consistency between self-perceptions and experience
what is unconditional positive regard?
To self-actualize, people need to be loved and accepted by other people in an uncritical, non-contingent manner
what are conditions of worth?
Believing that some aspects of our experience are worthy of love and praise, and others are not worthy. This inhibits self-actualization
