Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych midterm 2 > Motivation > Flashcards

Motivation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the “push” and “pull” of motivation?

A

drive and incentive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is incentive?

A

any external object/event that motivates behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is drive?

A

perceived state of tension that occurs when our bodies are deficient in some need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the levels of Maslow’ Hierarchy, bottom to top?

A

physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging-ness, esteem, and self-actualization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an example of a physiological need?

A

water, food, sleep, sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an example of safety?

A

shelter, i.e. a safe and secure environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the “love and belongingness” level refer to?

A

the need to obtain and give affection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the need for esteem?

A

the need to develop a sense of self-worth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is self-actualization?

A

a state of self-fulfillment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

______ motivation is performing actions for external reinforcement/to avoid punishment

A

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is an example of extrinsic motivation?

A

working to receive money, i.e. a reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_____ motivation is self-reinforcing experiences, no outside motivation or incentive is needed

A

intrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is an example of intrinsic motivation?

A

watching Netflix, because you want to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

_______________ is the energizing basis or natural organismic activity

A

intrinsic motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a con to external rewards?

A

reduce intrinsic motivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 3 things that drives intrinsic motivation?

A

autonomy, competence, relatedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is autonomy?

A

feeling free of external pressures, able to make choices freely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is competence?

A

taking on challenging tasks then experiencing a sense of mastery when conquering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is relatedness?

A

caring for others, to feel a satisfying involvement with the social world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hunger is still present when the stomach is surgically removed, true or false?

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

when before, during, and after eating blood glucose levels……

A

drop then rise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

neuropeptide Y and ghrelin are both responsible for _____

A

stimulating hunger

23
Q

insulin and leptin are hormones responsible for ___________

A

inhibiting hunger

24
Q

what hormone promotes satiety (fullness)?

A

insulin

25
Q

what would a leptin deficient mouse’s eating habits be like?

A

it would constantly eat

26
Q

the “hunger center” of the brain is in the…..

A

lateral hypothalamus

27
Q

“satiety center” of the brain is in the…….

A

ventromedial hypothalamus

28
Q

what are reasons people have sex?

A

desire to reproduce, obtain/give pleasure, express love and intimacy, fulfill “duty”, conform to peer pressure

29
Q

what is the idea that men have more positive attitudes about casual sex?

A

meta-analysis

30
Q

what is the parental investment theory?

A

cost of sex is much greater for women than men (pregnancy)

31
Q

what are the 3 stages of the physiology of sex (orgasm)?

A

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

32
Q

what are some examples of Self-conscious emotions?

A

embarrassment, guilt, pride, shame, humiliation

33
Q

what are emotions?

A

Occur in response to a personally meaningful situation

34
Q

what are the 4 levels of Russel’s 2 dimensional model of emotion

A

displeasure, high arousal, pleasure, low arousal

35
Q

emotions have 4 components: ______, ______, _______, and _______ ______

A

cognitive, physiological, behavioral, and subjective changes

36
Q

what is an Antecedent Event?

A

A situation that may lead to an emotional response

37
Q

what is an example of an external emotional response resulting from an antecedent event?

A

a bear growling at you, and you show fear

38
Q

what is an example of an internal emotional response resulting from an antecedent event?

A

self generated thoughts (anxiety)

39
Q

what does a cognitive appraisal mean in terms of emotion?

A

Different appraisals can result in different behaviours (Different reactions to same event)

40
Q

what did the Dutton & Aron, (1974) study reveal?

A

Male subjects who thought they were going to get a “strong shock” were more attracted to a female confederate. Cognitive appraisal changed “fear” into “desire”

41
Q

What is the pathway for an unconscious emotional response in the brain?

A

Sensory Input, Thalamus, Amygdala, Rapid Emotional Response

42
Q

What is the pathway for a conscious emotional response in the brain?

A

Sensory Input, Thalamus, Cortex, Less Rapid Emotional Response

43
Q

what are the two particular emotions that involve arousal?

A

fear & anger

44
Q

why is a polygraph test not admissible in court in Canada (still used in criminal investigations)?

A

High false positive rate (from sensing fear)

45
Q

what are expressive behaviours defined as?

A

Displays of emotion, can evoke empathy

46
Q

what are instrumental behaviours defined as?

A

Response to situation, achieve some goal (i.e. coping)

47
Q

what did the investigation of fundamental emotional patterns teach us (relating to expressing emotion)?

A

Children blind from birth express basic emotions as sighted children do (certain emotions are innate)

48
Q

what are display rules (relating to emotion)?

A

learned norms or rules about when, and to whom, it is appropriate to express certain emotions

49
Q

what is the James-Lange theory (somatic theory of emotion)?

A

Body informs mind, Physiological reactions determine emotions

50
Q

what is the Cannon-Bard theory?

A

cognition is involved… stimuli, thalamus, cortex, emotion

51
Q

what is the Facial Feedback Hypothesis?

A

Muscular feedback to the brain plays a key role in emotional experience

52
Q

The intensity of physiological arousal tells us ……

A

how strongly we are feeling something

53
Q

situational cues give us the information we need to….

A

label the arousal and tell ourselves what we are feeling

Psych midterm 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions