Psychodynamic explanations for gender development Flashcards

1
Q

Pre-phallic children

A
  • Five psychosexual stages
  • 3rd one is phallic stage (3-6)
  • Pre-phallic children do not distinguish between males and females
  • No gender identity
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2
Q

Oedipus complex

A
  • Boys
  • Phallic stage
  • Desire for the mother
  • Jealous hatred of father
  • Castration anxiety
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3
Q

Oedipus complex in gender development

A
  • Resolved through identification with father
  • Take on Male gender identity
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4
Q

Electra complex

A
  • Girls
  • Phallic stage
  • Desire for father
  • Jealous hatred of mother
  • Penis envy
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5
Q

Electra complex in gender development

A
  • Resolved through identification with mother
  • Take on Female gender identity
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6
Q

Identification

A

Identification leads to internalisation of same-sex parent’s identity
Happens all at once

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7
Q

Little Hans

A
  • Freud’s evidence for the Oedipus complex
  • Hans feared horses and feared his father would castrate him- displaced to horses
  • Case study
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8
Q

Psychodynamic explanations for gender development evaluation points- The Oedipus complex

A

STRENGTH

75% of ‘gender disturbed’ boys did not have a biological/substitute father
(Rekers and Morey)

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9
Q

Psychodynamic explanations for gender development evaluation points- The Oedipus complex counterpoint

A

LIMITATION

Research on children from lesbian families, no difference in gender identity
(Bos and Sandfort)

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10
Q

Psychodynamic explanations for gender development evaluation points- Female development

A

LIMITATION

Freud’s account reflected male power in Victorian times (androcentric bias), males may have ‘womb envy’ (Horney)

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11
Q

Psychodynamic explanations for gender development evaluation points- Pseudoscientific

A

LIMITATION

Methods (e.g. case studies) lack rigour, concepts (e.g. penis envy) untestable, so cannot be falsified

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