Psychodynamic Explanation Of Aggression

Question 1

Describe the psychodynamic explanation of aggression

Answer 1

The Id demands pleasure through its desires and urges that need to be met, the super ego then determines that these needs cannot be met due to morality. Therefore, frustration is created between the conscious and needs, this leads to aggression as the ego suppresses the demand of the Id in order to reduce conflict. Consequently, catharsis is used to provide an outlet for this aggression such as sport relieving frustration and aggression is decreased.

Question 2

Evaluate the psychodynamic explanation of aggression (8 marks)

Answer 2

Feasibility- strength
Verona and Sullivan
Individuals were asked to shock learners when they answered incorrectly
However, at random intervals participants were given blasts of air to the face increasing frustration
The intervals increased= increasing heart rate and frustration which then dropped after shocking the leaner. This showed that the act of electrocuting the learner provided a cathartic act to reduce aggression.

Usefulness- strength
Therapists created like pschyoanalysis
This is where the unconscious cause of aggression is explored. This is carried out out by psychoanalysts helping the client to explore their dreams and childhood memories. This helps the client to acknowledge the defence mechanism they have been using from their unconscious.
Provides the individual with inner peace as well as decreasing aggression by aiding the management of temper, helping to improve relationships and provide relief from anxiety and emotional pain sourced from childhood experiences.

Differences- weakness
The psychodynamic explanation is based on interpretation and cannot be tested as it is based on the unconscious mind.
Biological explanations, can be tested and measured through experimentation such as brain scans, blood tests.

Explanation- weakness
Cannot explain how catharsis doesn’t always reduce aggression
-video games have been shown to increase aggressive tendencies
Also cannot be falsified
The Id cannot be tested to investigate its influence.