Psychodynamic assumptions Flashcards
what are the 3 assumptions of the psycho dynamic approach
tripartite personality, childhood experiences impacting our adult personalities, unconscious mind
what are the stages of psychological development in children termed as?
psychosexual stages
what are the psycho-sexual stages
oral,anal,phallic,latency,genital
what does every psychosexual stage represent?
the fixtation of libido on different areas of the body
how can the fixtation of libido occur through the stages
through frustration or overindulgence
age of oral stage
0-18 months
behaviour of oral stage
- use of dummies
- breast/bottle feeding
- weaning
- chewing
- sucking
- biting
- swallowing
overindulgence of oral stage
- optimism, gullibility, neediness
age of anal stage
18 months-3 years
behaviours of anal stage
- potty training
- withholding
- expelling
- playing with faeces
frustration of oral stage
- pessimism, envy, sarcasm
frustration of anal stage
- stubborn, possessive, overly tidy
overindulgence of anal stage
- messy, disorganized, reckless
age of phallic stage
- 3-5 years
behaviors of phallic stage
- the Oedipus complex
- Electra complex
-genitals: masturbation
future impact of phallic stage
- if not overcome: self-assured, vain, issues with sexuality, difficulty building relationships
age of latency stage
- 5 years- puberty
behaviors of latency stage
- little to no sexual motivation
future impact of latency stage
no fixtation as no pleaure focus
genital stage age
puberty on wards
behavior of genital stage
heterosexual intercourse
future impact of genital stage
well developed adult personality as long as phallic stage is resolved
explain the unconscious mind assumption
the mind is like an iceburg in that there is a lot that happens below the surface that we are not aware of
what does the unconscious mind influence?
our behavior
how can we access our unconscious mind
through our dreams
what does Freud say about the unconscious mind and dreams
dreams are the royal road/via region to the unconscious
why does the unconscious mind influence our behaviour
it has the unressolved conflicts of the id, superego and ego
what does conflict between the Id, superego and ego cause
anxiety
how is the ego protected in the conflict between the 3
we have ego defense mechanisms
what are the 5 ego defense mechanisms?
denial, regression, repression, displacement, projection
what did gothelf et al. 1995 find about the ego defense mechanisms?
they were common to psychatric patients suffereing from server adolecence anorexia nervosa
definition of denial
refusing to recognize or acknowledge something
example of denial
anxiety
definition of regression
reverting to the behavior or emotions from earlier development stages
example of regression
childish behaviour
definition of repression
blocking difficult thoughts from entering into the consciousness
example of repression
shutting out trauma
definition of displacement
Re-directing on emotional reaction from the rightful recipient to another person
example of displacement
Manager screams at employer, they don’t scream back but scream at their partner later that day
definition of projection
attributing one’s unacceptable feelings or desires to someone else
example of projection
A bully constantly ridicules a peer about their insecurities as a reflection of their own.
The Id notes
- unconscious
- operates principles of pleasure
- completely focused on self pleasure
- if we were only Id, we would only operate on our well-being
The Superego notes
- controls personal values and ethnic beliefs
-causes us to feel guilt, shame, grief - ensures that we are doing the ‘right’
- if we were only the superego, we would loose touch with our essential beliefs and so life would loose all meaning
- strengthens our self worth
The Ego notes
- mainly conscious
- maintain balance between superego and Id
- ensure person can live in reality
- understands the need for satisfaction and control to live civilized
personality type if Id is dominant
psychopathic
personality type if the Ego is dominant
narcissistic
meaning of narcissistic
self-obsessed
personality type if superego is dominant
neurotic
meaning of neurotic
keeps everyone happy
example of tripartite personality
- used to explain criminal behavior
- ruled by their Id and superego is repressed
- lack morality and remorse
- seek immediate pleasure and gratification regardless of costs
what does Eysenck say about the tripartite personality and criminal behavior
individuals who score highly in extroversion, neuroticism and psychoticsm are more likely to be criminals
