cognitive assumptions

Question 1

what are the 3 cognitive assumptions

Answer 1

computer analogy, internal mental processes and schema

Question 2

computer analogy

Answer 2

human mind compares to computer

Question 3

how does computer analogy work

Answer 3

• computers have an input (keyboard), process it though display and storage and has an output of recalling a previously saved document
• humans use senses and an input and then our brain stores and retrieves it when needed

Question 4

example of computer analogy name

Answer 4

atkinson and shiffrin 1989

Question 5

atikinson and shiffrin 1986

Answer 5

• three stores of memory
• sensory memory- first acknowledge information
• short term memory- where we pay attention to information
• long term memory- rehersing information

Question 6

problems with computer analogy assumption

Answer 6

• computers don’t have emotion or trauma
• people can forget things unlike computers

Question 7

cognitive deficiencies

Answer 7

when an individual does not think or plan sufficiently, leading to negative behaviors

Question 8

example of cognitive deficiencies

Answer 8

depression

Question 9

cognitive distortions

Answer 9

result of the cognitive system inaccurately processing information

Question 10

example of cognitive distortions

Answer 10

anorexia nervosa

Question 11

internal mental processes

Answer 11

behavior is explained through our thought processes

Question 12

internal mental processes explain

Answer 12

• use of cognitive processes to make sense of the world around them
• senses collect information and the internal mental processes are used to interpret the information
• they are quick and automatic

Question 13

examples of different types of internal mental processes

Answer 13

memory, language, attention, decision making, perception

Question 14

example of the internal mental processes assumption

Answer 14

griffthis 1994- asked gamblers/non-gamblers to say what they were thinking whilst gambling
- found regular gamblers made more irrational verbalization

Question 15

schema

Answer 15

• like a script
• what we expect in certain situations
• can change with experience- adapt

Question 16

3 examples of schema

Answer 16

• the halo effect
• di dion et al
• brewers and treyens

Question 17

the halo effect

Answer 17

if a schema for an individual contains positive impressions, we are more likely to believe that they also have other positive characteristics

Question 18

di dion et al. 1972

Answer 18

famously found that individuals who were seen to be physically attractive were also judged to be more competent romantic partners and have many other positive attributes

Question 19

brewers and treyens

Answer 19

• office experiment