Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

The iceberg

Answer 1

-the top of the iceberg is symbolic of the conscious mind and the bottom is the preconscious and unconscious

Question 2

The id

Answer 2

-the pleasure principle, demands to meet basic needs, urges and desires

Question 3

Ego

Answer 3

• The reality principle
• weighs up the positives and negatives before a decision is made
• around the age of 2
• wants to satisfy the needs of the id although sometimes it cannot
• responsible for defence mechanisms (repression, denial and displacement)

Question 4

Superego

Answer 4

• age 5
• holds all internalised moral standards acquired from society
• our sense of right and wrong

Question 5

Repression

Answer 5

-forcing a distressed memory out of the conscious mind

E.g. forgetting the memory of child abuse

Question 6

Displacement

Answer 6

-transferring hostile feelings onto external objects, usually to relieve feelings of stress/anger
E.g. slamming a door in an argument

Question 7

Denial

Answer 7

-refusing to acknowledge reality if it causes painful feelings

E.g. turning up
To work after being sacked

Question 8

Psychosexual stages
(5)

Old age pensioners love Guinness

Answer 8

1) oral 0-1
Satisfaction from putting things in mouth
E.g. sucking a dummy
Oral fixations such as nail biting

2) Anal stage 1-3
When potty training taxes place
Anal fixations such as being messy or extremely tidy

3)Phallic 3-5
Oedipus and Electra complex
Fixation-concerned about self image/sexual orientation

4)Latency 5
Sexual impulses are repressed and time spent on developed friendships and hobbies
No fixations

5)Genital
Time of maturing and sexual experimentation
Fixation-homosexual