Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards
Who created the Psychodynamic Approach?
Sigmund Freud
What is the analogy Freud liked to use to describe the mind?
The ‘Iceberg’ Analogy
Outline the ‘Iceberg’ Analogy.
- The part of the iceberg above the water represents our concious mind
- The part just below the surface represents our preconscious mind
- The large part deep below the surface represents our unconscious mind
Conscious Mind
Contains all the information that you are currently thinking about
Preconscious Mind
Contains all the information that you are not currently thinking about, but can easily access
Unconscious
Deepest and darkest, desires, fears and wants which we cannot access
Why did Freud get his patients to tell him about their dreams?
He believed dreaming was the only time we experienced our unconscious mind
What does the Psychodynamic approach assume about behaviour and why?
It assumes that most behaviour is caused by the unconscious mind
This is because the majority of our mind is unconsious
Tripartie Structure of Personality
Freud believed everyone’s personality is split into three parts:
1. Id
2. Super-ego
3. Ego
Id
Pleasure principle - Part of our personality which seeks to follow temptations and impulses, in order to receive instant gratification + Present at birth and the first part of our personality to develop
Impulse
A strong urge to behave in a particular way, caused by our Id
Where does Frued believe the Id, urges and impulses stem from?
Our unconscious mind
What does it mean if our Id, urges and impulses come from the unconscious mind?
We don’t consciously think about them
Why is the Id responsbile for most of our behaviour?
Because it stems from the unconscious mind, which is the majority of our mind
Ego
Reality principle - The part of our personality which decides whether we follow the impulses of the Id or the morals of the super-ego, (thus, deciding how we behave)
Super-ego
Hint: Super-ego, more like super-hero
Part of personality that follows rules and morals + The last to develop
Mediates
Word used to describe how the ego makes decisions to follow the Id or super-ego, (or find a compromise)
Which part of the mind is the ego in and why?
The conscious mind
This is because when the ego mediates and makes a choice whether to follow the impulses of the Id or the morals of the super-ego, we are aware of the choice we are making
Can the ego be in our preconscious mind?
Yes
What is it called if the ego choses to find the middle ground between the Id and the super-ego?
A compromise
Can the ego happen in the unconscious mind?
No
Where in our mind can the Id be found?
Unconscious mind
Where in our mind can the super-ego be found?
- Conscious mind
- Preconscious mind
- Unconscious mind
Where in our mind can the ego be found?
Mostly in the conscious mind
*However, some decisions are made in the preconscious mind
Because of the fact that the Id is part of the unconscious mind, (which is the majority of our mind), our ego can find it difficult to resist the Id. How does it do so?
By using 3 main defence mechanisms:
1. Displacement
2. Repression
3. Denial
Displacement
This is when the ego, redirects the Id’s impulses towards something else
Give an example of displacement?
Someone gets stuck walking behind slow group of people
Id says to violently push them out the way but the super-ego knows this is wrong
The person listens to their super-ego, however, when they get home they redirect the Id’s impulse to be violent by punching the sofa
Repression
This is when the ego represesses the Id’s impulses into the unconscious mind