Psychoanalytic v Dispositional Theory Flashcards
What is subjectivity?
Inner world of subjective experience, thoughts and feelings
What is the id?
> Infantile desires
Pleasure principle
Primary process
What is the ego?
> Mediate to reality
Reality principle
Secondary process
What is the super-ego?
> Agent of societal-moralistic demands
What are the drives according to the psychodynamic theory?
> Life drive (libido / sexual drive)
Death drive (destruction)
Cathexes (investing ‘objects’ with libidinal or aggressive energy)
What are the main techniques used to explore unconscious motivations?
> Free associations
> Dream analysis
What are the potential causes for fixation in the psychodynamic theory?
> Overindulgence resulting in reluctance to abandon a stage
> Over-frustration resulting in not enough gratification
What is transference?
Emotional responses generated in childhood relationships may influence how we respond to new people
What are the stages of the psychodynamic theory?
> Oral (0-18months) > Anal (18m-3y) > Phallic (3-6y) > Latency (6-11y) > Genital (11+y)
What is the oral stage?
> 0-18 months
Pleasure found through the mouth
Fixation can lead to preoccupation with food and drink
What is the phallic stage?
> 3 - 6 years
Pleasure found through genitals
Oedipus / Electra complex
What are the defensive devices described by Freud?
> Repression > Displacement > Sublimation > Projection > Denial
What are the features of repression?
> Self-deceptive individuals
High social-desirability
Lower recall of short term negative information
Increased recall of positive information
Short term coping
Immunosuppression
What are the common themes of the humanists?
> Existential Psychology
Phenomenological emphasis on conscious experience
Drive to self actualisation
Emphasis on responsibility and choice
What are the features of Maslow’s Humanistic Theory?
> Neurosis due to lack of personal growth
> Conflict is a reflection of mental health