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act - Personality and Individual Differences > Leaderships and resilience > Flashcards

Leaderships and resilience Flashcards

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SAT® Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is resilience?

A

The ability to exert appropriate and dynamic self-regulation

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2
Q

What did Fredrickson et al (2003) find?

A

Extraversion and emotional stability are related to resilience

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3
Q

What did Hemenover (2003) find?

A

High extraversion and emotional stability (elsewhere related to high resilience) showed quicker affective recovery

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of resilience?

A

> Staunch acceptance of reality
Deep belief that life is meaningful
Ability to improvise

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5
Q

What is leadership?

A

Process whereby one individual influences other group members towards the attainment of defined group or organisational goals

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6
Q

What are the three types of leadership theory?

A

> Trait theory
Contingency/situational theory
Transformational Leadership

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7
Q

What are the features of trait theory?

A

> Leadership traits

> Innate

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8
Q

What are the leadership traits according to trait theory?

A 
> Intelligence
> Dominance
> Self-confidence
> High energy
> Task related knowledge
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9
Q

What are the main criticisms of trait theory?

A

> No agreement on which traits are important

> Recent research has found different traits (need for achievement, need for power, goal directedness)

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10
Q

What is Full Range Leadership Theory?

A

> Leadership model
Based on the potentially transformational aspects of leadership
Meshes closely with resilience

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11
Q

What did Luthans and Avolio (2003) find?

A

Developing a capacity for resilience is a vital component of authentic leadership development

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12
Q

What did Bass (1996) find?

A

Transformational leadership may convert crises into developmental challenges

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13
Q

What are the dimensions of Transformational Leadership?

A 
> Attributed charisma
> Idealised influence
> Inspirational motivation
> Intellectual stimulation
> Individualised consideration
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14
Q

What is Attributed Charisma?

A

The degree to which a leader behaves with confidence, enhances respect and pride among subordinates

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15
Q

What did Bass (1990) find?

A

> Attributed Charisma behaviour reduces panic and helplessness during stress
Inspirational Motivation correlates with subordinate hope and purposeness

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16
Q

What is idealised Influence?

A

Transmitting a higher purpose that goes beyond the goals of an individual and focuses attention on common goals

17
Q

What did Hetherington (2001) find?

A

Idealised influence is positively correlated with positive outcomes of achievement and self-actualisation (thus, resilience)

18
Q

What is Inspirational Motivation?

A

Transmitting enthusiasm, optimism and the ability to articulate a compelling vision of the future

19
Q

What is Intellectual Stimulation?

A

Emphasis on effective problem solving behaviour

20
Q

What did Matthewman (2009) find?

A

Intellectual Stimulation involves re-examining critical assumptions and seeking different perspectives and approaches

21
Q

What is Individualised Consideration?

A

> Treating employees as individuals

> Employees feel more competent and valued, more likely to engage in positive appraisal

22
Q

What did Dumdum et al (2002) find?

A

Positive relationship between Transformational Leadership and subordinate resilience

23
Q

What did Hartland et al (2005) find?

A

Inspirational Motivation positively correlated with resilience

24
Q

What is the Managerial Grid?

A

> Diagnostic tool

> Leadership grid

25
Q

What is the diagnostic tool in the managerial grid?

A

Tool aiming to explore leadership styles and the extent to which they have either ‘concern for the people’ or ‘concern for the task’

26
Q

What does contingency theory state?

A

Leadership is a function of the person and the situation

27
Q

What are the features of contingency theory?

A

> Group atmosphere
Structure
Position of power

28
Q

What is Group Atmosphere as defined by the contingency theory?

A

The extent to which a group trusts and accepts their manager

29
Q

What is Structure as defined by the contingency theory?

A

The extent to which a task is clear and unambiguous

30
Q

What is Position of Power as defined by the contingency theory?

A

How much control the leader has to reward or punish subordinates

31
Q

What did Eagly and Johnson (1990) find?

A

> Meta-analysis
Women not more interpersonally orientated than men
Women as task-oriented as men
Women use a more participative or democratic leadership style than men

32
Q

What did Eagly, Makhijani & Klonsky (1992) find?

A

> Meta-analysis
Women devalued in male-dominated environments
Women evaluated unfavourably when using directive or autocratic styles
Democratic styles evaluated favourably

act - Personality and Individual Differences (10 decks)

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