Psychoanalytic Psychology Flashcards
Who are the main proponents of this theory
Sigmund Freud
J.Jung
Years of activity
1885 -1960s
what is the main premise of the model
-emphasis on the unconscious mind
-Believed that the human personality can be divided into 2 parts being the consciousness and unconsciousness
-psychoanalysis proposes that the human psyche (mind) is comprised of three parts (ID, Ego and SuperEgo)
-psychoanalysts believe that the conflict between the desire to ravage and order results in the development is a defense mechanism
IDs
-immediate desires (desire for eating,sex, agression etc
- Ids are instinctual and impulsive
-Has no morality
EGO
-houses the centre of conscious and realistic thoughts, behaviour and experiences.
The ego mediates between the possible conflicts of the id and the super-ego to delay immediate gratification and make rational decisions
Super-Ego
-represents people’s morality and conscience (for example, feelings of guilt) and applies social standards to distinguish right from wrong.
defense mechansims
-Repression
-Projection
-Reaction Formation
-Intellectual/Isolation
-Sulimation
-Displacement
-Reaction formation
-Fantasy
-Overcompensation
-Rationalism
-Regression
- Identification
REPRESSION (DM)
Unconsciously preventing or denying of threatening and painful experiences or impulses, thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious, to reach consciousness
PROJECTION(DM)
Ascribing of ones own, often threatening and undesirable, thoughts, feelings, mistakes or motives to others
REACTION FORMATION(DM)
Behaving in a manner exactly the opposite of one’s true, possibly undesirable, feelings
DISPLACEMENT (DM)
Directing negative emotions or attitudes away from their original source to a substitute person or object
FANTASY
Fulfilling frustrated needs by imaginary achievements or success or wishful thinking
OVERCOMPENSATION
Protecting one’s self-image or weaknesses by over-emphasising certain aspects
INTELLECTUALISATION/ISOLATION
Isolating or insulating threatening experiences or emotions by speaking rationally or intellectually about them
RATIONALISATION
Finding logical, plausible but false excuses to justify unacceptable or irrational behaviour or disappointments
REGRESSION
Avoiding painful feelings and experiences by reverting to earlier, immature or less stressful patterns of behaviour
IDENTIFICATION
Defending against threatening feelings or low self-esteem by relating to someone, an idea or group
SUBLIMATION
Channelling threatening or socially undesirable thoughts and impulses into acceptable outlets
Methods used in psychoanalytic paradigm
-dream analysis
-transference analysis
-interpretation
-Free association (rorschach inkblots,word association)
Psychoanalytic paradigm
-besides inherited personality, a person’s development is determined by events in early childhood
-human behavior, experience, and thought is largely influenced by unconscious irrational drives
-attempts to bring these drives into awareness is resisted by defence mechanisms;
What are defense mechanisms
defense mechanisms keep us safe from guilt and anxiety we would feel if we gave in our innermost desires
Goal of psychoanalysis
-make your conscious of your unconscious defense mechanism
-mental illness symptoms are defense mechanism and releases of unacceptable impulses
-Aimed to assist an individual ti identify and accept their defense and create more forgiving defenses that allow mature expressions of those desires
