Psychoactive Drugs Flashcards
chemical substances that alter thinking, perception, and memory
Psychoactive Drugs
condition occurring when a person’s body becomes unable to function normally without a particular drug
Physical Dependence
the decrease of the response to a drug over repeated uses, leading to the need for higher doses of drug to achieve the same effect
Drug Tolerance
physical symptoms that can include nausea, pain, tremors, crankiness, and high blood pressure, resulting from a lack of an addictive drug in the body systems
Withdrawal
the tendency to continue a behavior that leads to the removal of or escape from unpleasant circumstances or sensations
Negative Reinforcement
behavioral therapy in which patients earn vouchers for negative drug test
Contingency-management Therapy
work to change the way people think about the stresses in their lives and react to those stressors, working toward more effective coping without resorting to drugs
Cognitive-behavioral Interventions
the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well-being
Psychological Dependence
the tendency of a behavior to strengthen when followed by pleasurable consequences
Positive Reinforcement
drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system
Stimulants
drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system
Depressants
drugs including hallucinogens and marijuana that produce hallucinations or increased feelings of relaxation and intoxication
Hallucinogenics
stimulants that are synthesized (made) in laboratories rather than being found in nature
Amphetamines
a natural drug derived from the leaves of the coca plant
Cocaine
the active ingredient in tobacco
Nicotine
a mild stimulant found in coffee, tea, and several other plant-based substances
Caffeine
depressant drugs that have a sedative effect
Barbiturates
drugs that lower anxiety and reduce stress; “date rape” drug
Benzodiazepines
the chemical resulting from fermentation or distillation of various kinds of vegetable matter
Alcohol
a class of opium-related drugs that suppress the sensation of pain by binding to and stimulating the nervous system’s natural receptor sites for endorphins
Opiates
substance derived from the opium poppy from which all narcotic drugs are derived
Opium
narcotic drug derived from opium, used to treat severe pain
Morphine
narcotic drug derived from morphine that is extremely addictive
Heroin
drugs that cause false sensory messages, altering the perception of reality
Hallucinogens
an irreversible condition in which hallucinations and altered perceptions of reality can occur repeatedly, accompanied by depression and physical discomfort
Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD)
powerful synthetic hallucinogen synthesized from a grain fungus called ergot
LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide)
synthesized drug now used as an animal tranquilizer that can cause stimulant, depressant, narcotic, or hallucinogenic effects
PCP (Phenyl Cyclohexyl Piperidine)
designer drug that can have both stimulant and hallucinatory effects
MDMA (Ecstasy or X)
Stimulatory Hallucinogenics
drugs that produce a mixture of psychomotor stimulant and hallucinogenic effects
mild hallucinogen (also known as “pot” or “weed”) derived from the leaves and flowers of a particular type of hemp plan
Marijuana
