Psychiatric Nursing Prelim (Lecture) Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Peplau defined anxiety as the initial
response to a

A

psychic threat

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2
Q

She described four levels of anxiety:

A

mild,
moderate, severe, and panic

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3
Q

positive state of heightened awareness and
sharpened senses, allowing the person to learn new
behaviors and solve problems

A
  1. MILD ANXIETY
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4
Q

The person cannot be redirected to a task; he or she
focuses only on scattered details and has
physiological symptoms of tachycardia, diaphoresis,
and chest pain

A
  1. SEVERE ANXIETY
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5
Q

Decreased perceptual field
● The person can learn new behavior or solve
problems only with assistance

A

. MODERATE ANXIETY

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6
Q

● Loss of rational thought, delusions, hallucinations,
and complete physical immobility and muteness.
● The person may bolt and run aimlessly, often
exposing himself or herself to injury.

A

PANIC

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7
Q

2 HUMANISTIC THEORY

A
  1. Abraham Maslow’s
    - Hierarchy of Needs
  2. Carl Rogers
    - Client Centered Therapy
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8
Q

focuses on a person’s positive qualities,
his or her capacity to change( human potential), and
the promotion of self-esteem

A

Humanism; HUMANISTIC THEORY

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9
Q

changed the conventional approach of
therapy to client-centered

A

Carl Rogers

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10
Q

Focuses on the role of the client, rather than the
therapist, as the key to the healing process
● Believes that each person experiences the world
differently and knows his or her own experiences
best

A

HUMANISTIC THEORY: CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPY

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11
Q

—a nonjudgmental
caring for the client that is not dependent on the
client’s behavior

A

Unconditional positive regard

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12
Q

—realness or congruence between what
the therapist feels and what he or she says to the
client

A

● Genuineness

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13
Q

in which the therapist
senses the feelings and personal meaning from the
client and communicates this understanding to the
client

A

Empathetic understanding—

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14
Q

2 BEHAVIORAL THEORIES

A
  1. Ivan Pavlov’s
    - Classical Conditioning
  2. B. F. Skinner’s
    - Operant Conditionin
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15
Q

Learning can occur when a stimulus is paired with an
unconditioned response
● Conditioned responses happens when stimulus is
present

A

The Classical Conditioning by Pavlov

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16
Q

– gain of learned response

A

Acquisition

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17
Q

– loss of learned response

A

Extinction

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18
Q

● Rewards and punishments are utilized
● Positive reinforcement- rewards
● Negative reinforcement-

A

The Operant Conditioning by Skinner

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19
Q

an interpersonal interaction
between the nurse and the client during the nurse focuses on
the client’s specific needs to promote an effective exchange of
information.

A

Therapeutic communication

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20
Q

7 PRINCIPLES OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION

CHARGPP

A

Concreteness
Honesty
Assistance
Respect
Genuineness
Protection
Permission

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21
Q

Nurse should use clear, specific concrete language
rather than abstractions.

A

CONCRETENESS

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22
Q

A consistent, open and frank approach promotes
authenticity in the N-P relationship.
● Patient will be more likely to accept and trust a nurse.

A

HONESTY

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23
Q

● Nurse must exhibit a willing commitment
● Willing commitment conveys that the nurse has
something of value to offer the patient

A

ASSISTANCE

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24
Q

● Nurse must have an unconditional positive regard for
the patient
● Nonjudgmental acceptance of the patient’s ideas and
beliefs

A

RESPECT

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25
Q

● Nurse must display sincere interest using consistent
words and actions
● This promotes openness, self acceptance and
personal freedom of the patient.

A

GENUINENESS

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26
Q

patient must feel safe from the confrontations with
threatening forces

A

PROTECTION

27
Q

● patient who feels free to explore new ways of dealing
with past problems builds autonomy
● patient’s learning to try alternative behaviors is central
to eliminating the patient’s problems.

A

PERMISSION

28
Q

*Trust and rapport
Environment
(Therapeutic)
.Assess client’s
strength and
weaknesses
*Contract
(therapeutic)
*Help
communicate

A

Orientation Phase

29
Q

*Promote positive
self concept
Realistic goal
setting
*Organize support
system

A

Working Phase

30
Q

*Promote self
care
Recognize
increasing anxiety
.

A

Terminal Phase

31
Q

Components of a therapeutic relationship

TGAPS

A

Trust
Genuine Interest
Acceptance
Positive Regard
Self-Awareness and Therapeutic use of Self

32
Q

builds when the client is confident in the nurse and
when the nurse’s presence conveys integrity and
reliability.

A

TRUST

33
Q

-occurs when words and actions match

A

Congruence

34
Q

is when the nurse’s voice or
body language is inconsistent with the words he or
she speaks.

A

Incongruent behavior

35
Q

When the nurse is comfortable with him or herself,
aware of his or her strengths and limitations, and
clearly focused, the client perceives a genuine person
showing genuine interest.

A

GENUINE INTEREST

36
Q

It is considered one of the essential skills a nurse
must develop to provide high-quality, compassionate
care.

A

Empathy

37
Q

Avoiding judgments of the person, no matter what the
behavior is

A

ACCEPTANCE

38
Q

who appreciates the client as a unique
worthwhile human being can respect the client
regardless of his or her behavior, background, or
lifestyle.

A

POSITIVE REGARD

39
Q

This the process of developing an understanding of
one’s own values, beliefs, thoughts, feelings,
attitudes, motivations, prejudices, strengths, and
limitations and how these qualities affect others.

A

SELF-AWARENESS AND THERAPEUTIC USE OF SELF

40
Q

abstract standards that give a person a sense of right
and wrong and establish a code of conduct for living.

A

Values

41
Q

are your ideas about what is most important to you in
your life-what you want to live by and live for.

A

Values Clarification

42
Q

is for their influence to become fully conscious, for
you to explore and honestly acknowledge what you
truly value at this time

A

Goal

43
Q

Three steps of values clarification process:

A

Choosing
Pricing
Acting

44
Q

which creates a “word portrait” of a
person in four areas and indicates how well that person knows
him or herself and communicates with others

A

One tool that is useful in learning more about oneself is the
Johari window (Luft, 1970),

45
Q

Open/public-self-aualities one knows
about oneself and others also know

A

Quadrant 1:

46
Q

Blind /unaware-self-qualities known only
to others *

A

Quadrant 2:

47
Q

Hidden/private-self-qualities known only
to oneself

A

Quadrant 3:

48
Q

Unknown-an empty quadrant to
symbolize qualities as yet undiscovered by oneself or
others

A

Quadrant 4:

49
Q

s the brain’s response to any demand. It is most often
triggered by change (positive or negative, real or
perceived).

A

STRESS

50
Q

is anticipation of future threat

A

ANXIETY

51
Q

Causes of Stress and Anxiety

PPP

A

Psychobiological
Psychological.
Psychosocial.

52
Q

Is characterized by anxiety that is persistent,
overwhelming, uncontrollable, and out of proportion to
stimulus

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

53
Q

Represents anxiety in its most severe form.
● Characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks

A

Panic Disorder

54
Q

unwanted, recurrent, intrusive
thoughts or images (obsession) that the person tries
to alleviate through repetitive behaviors or mental acts
(compulsions)

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

55
Q

commonly involves anxieties about
speaking or eating in public and using public
restroom. It is associated with deep concern that
others will see the patient’s anxiety symptoms (e.g.
sweating, blushing)

A

Phobic Disorder

56
Q

Characterized by persistent, recurrent images and
memories of a serious traumatic event that the person
has either experienced or witnessed, impairing his
ability to function

A

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

57
Q

Causes of Anxiety-Related Disorders

GBN

A

Genetic Factors
Biochemical Factors
● Neuroanatomic Factors

58
Q

Prescribed ways on how to handle mentally ill patients
according to the behavior symptoms they manifest.

A

ATTITUDE THERAPY

59
Q

TYPE OF ATTITUDE THERAPY

APKMN

A

● Active Friendliness – withdrawn patient
● Passive Friendliness – paranoid patient
● Kind-firmness – depressed client
● Matter-of-Fact – manipulative/demanding client/elated
● No demand – furious / in rage

60
Q

activity done by an individual which is necessary
for the promotion of good personal hygiene which
can be done with or without assistance / supervision
from the individual.

A

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

61
Q

technique that makes it possible for a patient to
express himself freely.

A

PLAY THERAPY

62
Q

is the opportunity for socialization and
self- expression and sometime realization

A

. MUSIC AND ART THERAPY

63
Q

Use of literature, film or feature on creative writing
with group discussion to promote
self-acknowledgement and interaction of
thoughts and feelings.

A

BIBLIO-THERAPY

64
Q

Any activity mental or physical, guided for an
individual to recover from a handicap.

A

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY