psychiatric assessment for child

Question 1

ADHD Autism

Answer 1

highly genetic

Question 2

depression and anxiety

Answer 2

substantially genetic

Question 3

genome wide association studies

Answer 3

indicate that many genes are implicated, mostly of small effect.
genetics factors serving modulation of gene expression likely to be important
linked to traits irritability and defiance in ODD
inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms implicated as well genes controlling synapse formation
neurotransmission and modification

Question 4

intrauterine and perinator factod

Answer 4

maternal health
substance misuse
toxins
drugs
epigenetics- folate controlled methylation
endocrine environment esp androgens
immune environment
premature birth
twinning
impressive levels of resilience

Question 5

white matter connectivity

Answer 5

require interplay between brain areas

Question 6

Foetal alcohol

Answer 6

conduct disorders including oppositional defiant disorder
- frequent loss of temper, arguing, negvistic behavior
ADD

Question 7

enviromental factors during childhood

Answer 7

carer
parenting skill, mental condition
marital harmonyy, family function
nutrition, poverty
abuse, neglect
discipline

Question 8

attachment

Answer 8

proximity seeking behavior
infant seeking contact with parent when frightnened
attachment as secure or insecure accodring to direct observation of behavior during strange situation
much variability

Question 9

brain’s response to stress

Answer 9

early life stress influences function of limbic circuit including amygdala activity

Question 10

concepts on psychological concepts

Answer 10

operant conditioning- dopamine neurons fire when you associate an action with a subsequent reward
executive and cortical control- taking control over automatic learned behaviors
applied in cognitive behavioral therapy
inhibit prepotent responses
intention decision making and forward planning

Question 11

the social brain

Answer 11

sharing emotion and empathy
infact mother interactions
emotion contagion picks up emotions from carer

3-4 metapresentation

Question 12

expressed emotion

Answer 12

carer’s negative emotion in clinic predicts rate of relapse from chronic illness
illness causes worry and stress, more severe illness leads to more worry and stress
worry and stress leades to negativity in relationships

Question 13

behavioral therapy

Answer 13

stepwise approach

externalisation: disorder is not a blaming matter