PSYCH100 Stats Test Flashcards
What is a distribution in statistics?
A. A single score in a sample
B. All scores in a sample, usually depicted in a frequency table or histogram
C. The average score in a sample
D. The highest score in a sample
B. All scores in a sample, usually depicted in a frequency table or histogram
Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
A. Mean
B. Median
C. Mode
D. Range
D. Range
How is the mean calculated?
A. By finding the middle score in a distribution
B. By summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
C. By identifying the most frequent score
D. By subtracting the lowest score from the highest score
B. By summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
What is an outlier in a distribution?
A. The average score in a sample
B. A score that is unique or not representative of other scores
C. The middle score in a distribution
D. The most frequent score in a distribution
B. A score that is unique or not representative of other scores
How is the median determined?
A. By summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
B. By identifying the most frequent score
C. By ordering the scores and finding the middle score
D. By subtracting the lowest score from the highest score
C. By ordering the scores and finding the middle score
What does variability measure in a distribution?
A. The typical score in a distribution
B. The spread of scores around the central tendency
C. The highest score in a distribution
D. The lowest score in a distribution
B. The spread of scores around the central tendency
Which of the following is the simplest measure of variability?
A. Range
B. Variance
C. Standard Deviation
D. Median
A. Range
How is the range calculated?
A. By summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
B. By subtracting the minimum score from the maximum score
C. By finding the middle score in a distribution
D. By identifying the most frequent score
B. By subtracting the minimum score from the maximum score
What is variance?
A. The difference between the highest and lowest scores
B. The squared average distance between scores and the mean
C. The average distance between scores and the mean
D. The most frequent score in a distribution
B. The squared average distance between scores and the mean
How is standard deviation calculated?
A. By subtracting the minimum score from the maximum score
B. By squaring the variance
C. By taking the square root of the variance
D. By summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores
C. By taking the square root of the variance
What is the purpose of inferential statistics?
A. To describe the spread of scores in a sample
B. To make conclusions about a population based on a sample
C. To calculate the average score in a sample
D. To identify the most frequent score in a sample
B. To make conclusions about a population based on a sample
What does the null hypothesis state in an experiment?
A. There is no difference between the treatment and control groups
B. The treatment group is better than the control group
C. The control group is better than the treatment group
D. The treatment group has more variability than the control group
A. There is no difference between the treatment and control groups
How do you determine if group differences are significant?
A. By comparing the highest and lowest scores in each group
B. By calculating the ratio between variability between groups and variability within groups
C. By finding the average score in each group
D. By identifying the most frequent score in each group
B. By calculating the ratio between variability between groups and variability within groups
What does a low p-value indicate in hypothesis testing?
A. The results are likely due to chance
B. The results are likely due to the treatment
C. The variability within groups is high
D. The variability between groups is low
B. The results are likely due to the treatment
