Psych100 Brain & Nervous Stystem Test Flashcards
What is the primary function of afferent nerves?
a) Carry information from the CNS to muscles and glands
b) Carry information from the senses to the CNS
c) Transmit motor commands to the body
d) Support neurons in the brain
b) Carry information from the senses to the CNS
What is the resting potential of a neuron as discovered by Hodgkin & Huxley?
a) -50 millivolts
b) -70 millivolts
c) +30 millivolts
d) 0 millivolts
b) -70 millivolts
What is the term for the process where an action potential “jumps” between nodes of Ranvier?
a) Graded potential
b) Synaptic transmission
c) Saltatory conduction
d) Neurotransmitter release
c) Saltatory conduction
Which neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory?
a) Glutamate
b) Dopamine
c) GABA
d) Acetylcholine
c) GABA
What is the role of serotonin in the brain?
a) Voluntary motor control
b) Emotional arousal and reward
c) Sleep/wakefulness, aggression, pain, and mood regulation
d) Dulls pain and elevates mood
c) Sleep/wakefulness, aggression, pain, and mood regulation
hich part of the nervous system is responsible for “emergency” responses?
a) Parasympathetic nervous system
b) Sympathetic nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Central nervous system
b) Sympathetic nervous system
What does fMRI measure?
a) Electrical activity in the brain
b) Brain anatomy
c) Changes in blood flow to active parts of the brain
d) Reflex responses
c) Changes in blood flow to active parts of the brain
What happens during an action potential?
a) The neuron remains at rest
b) Sodium (Na+) channels open, and potassium (K+) channels close
c) Sodium (Na+) channels close, and potassium (K+) channels open
d) Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse
b) Sodium (Na+) channels open, and potassium (K+) channels close
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward?
a) Acetylcholine
b) Dopamine
c) Serotonin
d) Endorphins
b) Dopamine
What is the primary function of glial cells?
a) Conduct electrical signals
b) Support neurons in the brain
c) Release neurotransmitters
d) Carry sensory information to the CNS
b) Support neurons in the brain
What is the primary function of the hindbrain?
a) Emotion processing
b) Basic life functions like respiration and heart rate
c) Memory formation
d) Visual processing
b) Basic life functions like respiration and heart rate
What happens when an action potential reaches the synapse?
a) Sodium channels close
b) Neurotransmitters are released and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron
c) The neuron stops firing
d) Potassium channels open
b) Neurotransmitters are released and bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron
Which part of the brain is responsible for fine motor skills?
a) Cerebellum
b) Medulla
c) Hippocampus
d) Amygdala
a) Cerebellum
What was the significant finding in the case of Phineas Gage?
a) The hippocampus is essential for memory
b) Damage to the frontal lobe can alter personality and behavior
c) The amygdala controls fear responses
d) The cerebellum regulates motor skills
b) Damage to the frontal lobe can alter personality and behavior
What type of amnesia did Henry Molaison suffer from after his surgery? (brain surgery to control his seizures)
a) Retrograde amnesia only
b) Anterograde amnesia only
c) Both retrograde and anterograde amnesia
d) No amnesia
c) Both retrograde and anterograde amnesia
What is the function of the corpus callosum?
a) Regulates sleep and wakefulness
b) Connects the two hemispheres of the brain
c) Processes visual information
d) Controls motor functions
b) Connects the two hemispheres of the brain
What is Broca’s aphasia characterized by?
a) Fluent but nonsensical speech
b) Difficulty producing speech but understanding others
c) Loss of memory
d) Inability to recognize faces
b) Difficulty producing speech but understanding others
What was found pressing against Charles Whitman’s amygdala during his autopsy?
a) A blood clot
b) A pecan-sized tumor
c) A damaged hippocampus
d) A severed nerve
b) A pecan-sized tumor
What does the limbic system primarily process?
a) Vision
b) Emotion
c) Motor control
d) Language
b) Emotion
