Psych Test 1 Flashcards
If someone is raised in a particular area, when answering adults, he would answer in a certain way. Which perspective would take that into account?
Sociocultural
A person conducts research about biology and mental processes, specifically the role the brain plays in behavior.
Behavioral neuroscience
If you’re fascinated by group behavior and you’d like to study the influence of organized religion on community interaction, what type of psychology would you be interested in?
Social psychology
According to the textbook, where do most psychologists work?
Colleges and universities
Somebody is observing a subjects ability to remember word pairs. What kind of psychologist would study such?
cognitive
What type of psychologist would observe student’s intelligence level?
School psychologist
A psychologist who feels that people’s thought processes function like a computer.
Cognitive
Someone who is sick of talking about her problems to her therapist, wants to try an antidepressant. What type of specialist should she see?
A psychiatrist
In trying to understand mental processes, these researchers attempted to identify structures of the mind in terms of basic elements .
Structuralism
If you are in a study that focuses on lifestyle habits like drinking and smoking, what type of psychologist is conducting the research?
Health psychologist
The psychodynamic approach, as practiced today, tends to place ________ emphasis on sexual instincts and______ emphasis on cultural and social experience.
less; more
According to the discipline of psychology, which of the following is NOT a behavior?
being overweight
A professor is observing someone on a playground. He is observing and recording their behavior. Which goal of psychological science is he utilizing?
describing
A professor suggests to his students that a correlation exists between the number of hours spent studying and the grade on the final exam. What type of correlation is he suggesting?
positive correlation
You want to determine the relationship between caffeine intake and the performance on an exam. You calculate the correlation coefficient between two variables to be +.82
higher caffeine consumption is related to higher exam scores
We have a person observing student behavior during a learning task and attempting to form a _________. In order to do this, he must be able to articulate a broad idea that describes principles and events and how they may be related.
Theory
Which of the following is a technique that would not fall under the survey method?
naturalistic observation
A properly designed hypothesis will test a theory by predicting….
changes in the dependent variable that are caused by changes in the independent variable.
Skinner discovered that a pigeon will peck at a button more often if the pecking is rewarded with a food pellet. What kind of variable is the food pellet?
independent variable
Half of a class has been asked to study while listening to music and the other half in silence. What would be the dependent variable?
test scores
We have subjects in a study listening to a lecture either with natural light and other subjects in a room with no windows and artificial light. After they are asked to fill out a mood survey. What is the independent variable?
type of light
Mean, median, and standard deviation are examples of _________ statistics.
descriptive
The nun study is an example of what type of research?
longitudinal
A team of students would like to expose their classmates to an embarrassing experience to gather info for their term project. The Teacher asks to read the APA guidelines. What would they read?
Participants need to be informed of the nature of procedures before proceeding
In an experiment, one group receives experimental medication and the second group a pill that looks like it (placebo). The group receiving the medication is called the ___________ group.
experimental
A study indicates a strong positive correlation between two variables. This means that…
as one variable increases the other also increases.
You believe that working women are happier than women who don’t work outside the home. You predict that working women are less socially isolated. You have just formed a __________.
hypothesis
You design a research study to investigate if there is a relationship between two variables. You measure them without manipulating either one if you found that variable A increases at the same rate as variable B. What can you conclude?
That A is positively correlated to B
Kevin has just completed his first day of natural observation at school. He is concerned that his presence will have an effect on their behavior. This is important because in naturalistic research, researchers cannot __________.
intervene
A student complains a survey cannot represent the whole student body because she did not fill out the form. Her teacher explains…
That a rep sample can indicate the views of the majority.
Five students had these scores on a test: 10 10 15 25 40. What is the median?
15
The process of _______ organizes and interprets incoming sensory information.
perception
You are studying in your room and ask your roommate to turn the TV down until you cannot hear it anymore. What are you looking for?
Absolute threshold
What is the main function of rods and cones?
To turn light into an energy useable by the nervous system.
The most common form of color blindness is having trouble distinguishing what color from what color?
green from blue and red
Although several bulbs are burnt out in the movie theater sign, you can still read the description. This is called what?
closure
Figure is to ground as _____ is to ______.
white cloud; blue sky
___________ psychology is the school of thought interested in how people naturally organize their perceptions into patterns.
Gestalt
Gestalt psychology emphasizes that….
the whole is more than the sum of its parts.
Which depth cue accounts for why parallel lines appear to get closer together the closer they are?
linear perspective
What is the tendency for perceptions of objects to remain relatively unchanged in spite of it changes in raw sensations?
perceptual constancy
A door is still perceived as a rectangle even after we view it from different angles. What is this principle?
Shape constancy
According to the text, the main criticism voiced by the deaf community on cochelear implantation is that….
it suggests that being deaf is a problem
We are able to taste due to approximately _______ taste buds on our tongue.
10,000
Smell can illicit more vivid memories than the other senses because…
it takes a different neural pathway than the other senses.
The ______ senses provide information about movement, posture, and orientation.
Kinesthetic
The _______ senses give you information about balance and movement.
Vestibular
According to research you can listen to an iPod at 90% volume for no more than ____ minutes.
90
The ability to overcome hardship during childhood is ________.
resilience
We have a baby that knows when she is put in her high chair it is time to eat. Her father puts her in a high chair and hands her a book. So she puts the corner of the book in her mouth. What is this an example of?
Assimilation
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to…
adjusting current schemas in order to make sense of new experience
Out of sight, out of mind can describe the behavior of a child who has not mastered…
object permanence
If children cannot grasp the concept of conservation, they are unable to…
recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.
Between ages 7 and 11, children can think in sophisticated ways as long as it is tangibly represented. What stage is this?
concrete operations
The ability to use abstract concepts.
Formal operations
______ refers to a child’s behavioral style or characteristic way of responding.
Temperament
In Harlow’s classic attachment study they found that monkeys
were more attached to artificial mothers that were warm and soft
Erikson’s Theory is based on the assumption that..
each person faces a set of predictable life-changing challenges at various stages of life.
All of the following are stages in Erikson’s theory, except:
trust versus mistrust (yes)
initiative versus guilt (yes)
Autonomy versus shame and doubt (yes)
We have a mom who is loving an nurturing, sets clear boundaries, engages in verbal give and take. What kind of parenting style is that?
Authoritative
Parents using the ___________ style gibe strict rules with little discussion for the reason
Authoritarian
At the pre-conventional level, individuals decide right and wrong based on
punishments and rewards
In Erikson/Early adulthood, a person builds a network of social relationships and potential mates.
intimacy versus isolation
The older adult who sees meaning in his or her life continues to live a satisfying existence.
Integrity
