Psych Quiz 3

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

a change in thought or behavior resulting from experience

Question 2

Stimulus

Answer 2

anything in the environment to which an organism might react

Question 3

Response

Answer 3

any behavior resulting from a stimulus

Question 4

Habituation

Answer 4

decrease in reaction to a repeated stimulus.

Question 5

Classical Conditioning

Answer 5

A new stimulus begins to elicit the same response as another stimulus, when they occur together. (Dogs body realized that the sound, setting, and people around him were a sign that his food was going to be given to him)

Question 6

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

Answer 6

causes a reflex (food)

Question 7

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

Answer 7

the (normal) reflex (salivate to food)

Question 8

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Answer 8

new thing (predicts UCS)/ (bell)

Question 9

Conditioned Response (CR)

Answer 9

reflex to new thing (Salivate to bell)

Question 10

Pairing

Answer 10

learning occurs when the CS is paired reliably with the UCS.

Question 11

What happens when pairing stops?

Answer 11

Extinction and Spontaneous recovery

Question 12

Extinction

Answer 12

disappearance of the CR, when CS is no longer paired with the UCS

Question 13

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 13

the return of the CR after a delay

Question 14

What happens when the stimulus (CS) is modified?

Answer 14

Stimulus generalization, and Stimulus discrimination

Question 15

Stimulus generalization

Answer 15

when stimuli similar to the CS elicit a CR

Question 16

Stimulus discrimination

Answer 16

when stimuli similar to the CS do not elicit a CR

Question 17

Little Albert Experiment

Answer 17

Conditioned fear response in infant (Pairing of loud noise (UCS) and white rat (CS))

Question 18

Desensitization

Answer 18

repeated exposure to extinguish negative emotional responses

Question 19

Operant Conditioning

Answer 19

Learning involves voluntary behavior (not reflexes), Behavior results from reward and punishment

Question 20

Thorndike’s Law of Effect

Answer 20

If a response, in the presence of a stimulus, is followed by a satisfying state of affairs, the bond between stimulus and response will be strengthened. (“Will press lever for food)

Question 21

BF.Skinner

Answer 21

famous behaviorist

Question 22

Positive reinforcement

Answer 22

(pleasant) stimulus is given to increase a behavior (giving a dog a treat when they do a trick)

Question 23

Negative reinforcement

Answer 23

unpleasant stimulus is removed to increase a behavior (annoying seatbelt sign)

Question 24

Positive punishment

Answer 24

(unpleasant) stimulus is given to decrease a behavior (getting spanked)

Question 25

Negative punishment

Answer 25

(pleasant) stimulus is removed to decrease a behavior (Speeding ticket because they take away money)

Question 26

Partial reinforcement

Answer 26

reinforcing behaviors occasionally rather than always (Giving dog pizza sometimes)

Question 27

Fixed ratio

Answer 27

Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses
(9 responses or circles; 10th boba is free)

Question 28

Fixed interval

Answer 28

Reinforcement after a fixed amount of time (Cookies being done)

Question 29

Variable ratio

Answer 29

Reinforcement after a varying number of responses (Slot machine; Fastest)

Question 30

Variable interval

Answer 30

Reinforcement after a varying amount of times (waiting for a friend to text back)