Psych Pharmacology (PPt + Book) Chapter 4

Question 1

Dopamine is balanced by what neurotransmitter?

Answer 1

Acetylcholine

Question 2

Acetylcholine plays a role in…
(4 functions)

Answer 2

Arousal
Sleep wake cycle
Memory
Skeletal muscle movement

Question 3

Deficiency in acetylcholine is linked to what diseases? (3)

Answer 3

Mainly: Alzheimer’s
Also: Huntington’s chorea and Parkinson’s

Question 4

What moods does acetylcholine regulate? (2)

Answer 4

Mania and sexual aggression

Question 5

An excess in Acetylcholine results in what disease?

Answer 5

Depression

Question 6

What type of receptors does acetylcholine act on? (2 types)

Answer 6

Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
M1, M2, M3

Question 7

Dopamine (DA) is linked to what functions? (4)

Answer 7

Fine muscle movement
Integration of emotions and thoughts
Decision making
Stimulates hypothalamus to release hormones

Question 8

Dopamine acts on what receptors?

Answer 8

D1, D2, D3, D4, D5

Question 9

An excess in Dopamine can result in what diseases? (2)

Answer 9

Psychosis
Mania

Question 10

A deficiency in Dopamine can result in what diseases? (2)

Answer 10

Parkinson’s disease
Depression

Question 11

Dopamine is involved in what centers of the brain?

Answer 11

Reward and pleasure centers

Question 12

Drugs such as __ may interfere with the __ of dopamine thereby allowing more of the neurotransmitter to stay active in the synapse for a longer time.

Answer 12

Cocaine; reuptake

Question 13

Drugs such as amphetamines that stimulate dopamine activity can induce ___symptoms

Answer 13

Psychotic

Question 14

Drugs that block dopamine receptors have ___ activity

Answer 14

Antipsychotic

Question 15

Norepinephrine (NE) affects what functions? (2)
And stimulates what type of response?

Answer 15

Attention, arousal
“Fight or Flight”

Question 16

An excess in Norepinephrine may result in? (3)
“MAP”

Answer 16

Mania
Anxiety
Psychosis

Question 17

A deficiency in norepinephrine will result in?

Answer 17

Depression

Question 18

Norepinephrine mainly acts on what type of receptors?

Answer 18

Alpha receptors

Question 19

Many FGA (First Generation Antipsychotic) drugs act as ___ at the alpha receptors for norepinephrine.

Answer 19

Antagonists

Question 20

Blockage of alpha receptors can cause vasodilation which can lead to… (3)

Answer 20

Vasodilation
Drop in blood pressure
Orthostatic hypotension

Question 21

Blockage of alpha 1 receptors on the vas deferents can lead to ___

Answer 21

A failure to ejaculate

Question 22

Serotonin affects what body functions? (6)

Answer 22

Mood
Sleep regulation
Hunger
Pain perception
Aggression and Libido
Hormonal Activity

Question 23

Excess serotonin can lead to what disease?

Answer 23

Anxiety

Question 24

Decreased levels of serotonin may lead to what disease?

Answer 24

Depression

Question 25

Serotonin Syndrome

Answer 25

Serotonin toxicity usually caused by two serotonergic medications being taken at the same time.

Question 26

What drug interactions may lead to serotonin syndrome? (2)

Answer 26

St. John’s wort, and OTC cough/cold medication containing dextromethorphan

Question 27

Signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome

Answer 27

Mild; restlessness, shivering, and diarrhea Severe; muscle rigidity, fever, and seizures

Question 28

Histamine affect what body functions? (3)

Answer 28

Alertness Inflammatory response Stimulates gastric secretion

Question 29

Decreased levels of histamine may lead to what diseases? (2)

Answer 29

Sedation, Weight gain

Question 30

Many ___ drugs block the H1 receptors for histamine leading to… (2)

Answer 30

Sedation and wight gain which may be beneficial depending on the patient’s condition.

Question 31

GABA affects what body functions?(3)

Answer 31

Anxiety Excitation Aggression

Question 32

GABA may be used to treat what condition?

Answer 32

Seizures due to its anticonvulsant and muscle relaxing properties

Question 33

Increased GABA may lead to

Answer 33

Reduction of anxiety

Question 34

Decreased GABA may lead to

Answer 34

Mania, anxiety, psychosis

Question 35

Excess glutamate can lead to…

Answer 35

Cell death

Question 36

What disease could occur as a result of elevated glutamate?

Answer 36

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 37

Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that activates _ receptors

Answer 37

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)

Question 38

Glutamate plays a role in what body functions? (2)

Answer 38

Learning and memory

Question 39

Decreased levels of NMDA can lead to…

Answer 39

Psychosis

Question 40

Substance P is…

Answer 40

Pain receptor