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Medical Pharmacology > Psych Meds > Flashcards

Psych Meds Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Amitriptyline

A
  • TCA
  • Oral, > 2 wks to take effect
  • Non-specific blockers of monoamine reuptake (NE and 5-HT)
  • Highly soluble, long half life
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2
Q

Amoxapine

A
  • TCA
  • Oral, > 2 wks to take effect
  • Non-specific blockers of monoamine reuptake (NE and 5-HT)
  • Highly soluble, long half life
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3
Q

Imipramine

A
  • TCA
  • Oral, > 2 wks to take effect
  • Non-specific blockers of monoamine reuptake (NE and 5-HT)
  • Highly soluble, long half life
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4
Q

Nortriptyline

A
  • TCA
  • Oral, > 2 wks to take effect
  • Non-specific blockers of monoamine reuptake (NE and 5-HT)
  • Highly soluble, long half life
  • Blurry vision, dry mouth, anuria, constipation, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, sedation, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, seizures, delirium in elderly, mania in bipolar
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5
Q

Citalopram

A
  • SSRI
  • Oral, effects > 2 wks
  • Selective for 5-HT reuptake
  • Long 1/2 life
  • SAFER THAN TCAs early: nausea, anxiety, insomnia. late: anorexia, sexual dysfunction, induction of mania in bipolar
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6
Q

Escitalopram

A
  • SSRI
  • Oral, effects > 2 wks
  • Selective for 5-HT reuptake
  • Long 1/2 life
  • SAFER THAN TCAs early: nausea, anxiety, insomnia. late: anorexia, sexual dysfunction, induction of mania in bipolar
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7
Q

Fluoxetine

A
  • SSRI
  • Oral, effects > 2 wks
  • Selective for 5-HT reuptake
  • Long 1/2 life
  • SAFER THAN TCAs early: nausea, anxiety, insomnia. late: anorexia, sexual dysfunction, induction of mania in bipolar
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8
Q

Sertraline

A
  • SSRI
  • Oral, effects > 2 wks
  • Selective for 5-HT reuptake
  • Long 1/2 life
  • SAFER THAN TCAs early: nausea, anxiety, insomnia. late: anorexia, sexual dysfunction, induction of mania in bipolar
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9
Q

Duloxetine

A
  • SNRI
  • Selective for 5-HT and NE reuptake
  • 11-12 h 1/2 life
  • Nausea, anxiety, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, increase in HR/BP
  • Contraindicated in pts with hepatic insufficiency
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10
Q

Venlafaxine

A
  • SNRI
  • Selective for 5-HT and NE reuptake
  • 11-12 h 1/2 life
  • Nausea, anxiety, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, increase in HR/BP
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11
Q

Buproprion

A
  • Atypical Antidepressant
  • Inhibits D reuptake
  • Headache, nausea, tinnitus, insomnia, nervousness
  • Treats bipolar disorder
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12
Q

Mirtazapine

A
  • Atypical antidepressant
  • Increases NE and 5-HT by blocking alpha 2 recpt.
  • Headache, nausea, tinnitus, insomnia, nervousness
  • Used to treat depression
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13
Q

Nefazodone

A
  • Atypical antidepressant
  • Inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and blocks receptors
  • Headache, nausea, tinnitus, insomnia, nervousness
  • Used to treat depression, anti-psychotic
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14
Q

Phenelzine

A
  • MOAI
  • Increases presynaptic conc. of monoamines
  • Restlessness, agitation, psychosis, orthostatic hypertension, tachycardia, serotonin syndrome, cheese effect
  • Used to treat aytipical depression
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15
Q

Tranylcypromine

A
  • MOAI
  • Increases presynaptic conc. of monoamines
  • Restlessness, agitation, psychosis, orthostatic hypertension, tachycardia, serotonin syndrome, cheese effect
  • Used to treat aytipical depression
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16
Q

Lithium

A
  • Bipolar treatment drug of choice
  • Oral administration
  • Prevents PI signaling, inhibits serotonin receptors, enhances glutamate reuptake
  • VERY TOXIC, tremors, confusion, convulsions, coma arrhythmias, decreased thyroid function, polydipsia, polyuria, teratogen
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17
Q

Atomexetine

A
  • Stimulant
  • NE reuptake inhibitor, non habit forming
  • ADHD
18
Q

Dextro-amphetamine
Methylphenidate
Amphetamine

A
  • Stimulants
  • Potential for addiction
  • Psychomotor stimulant, met by liver, increase release of DA and NE from synaptic vesicles
  • Euphoria, anxiety, vertigo, insomnia, paranoia, psychosis, suicidal thoughts, arrhythmia, hypertension, nausea, diarrhea
  • ADHD, narcolepsy
19
Q

Modafinil

A
  • Stimulant
  • Unknown but involves DA and NE systems
  • Fewer psychotic and euphoric effects than other stimulants
  • Used to treat narcolepsy
20
Q

Diazepam

Lorazepam

A
  • Benzodiazepine
  • Diaz = long half life, Lora = intermediate half life
  • Longer 1/2 life used to treat both anxiety and convulsions
  • Bind to GABA receptors and enhance inhibition
  • Safer than barbiturates, tolerance after 1-6 months, drowsiness, sedation, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, skin rash, weight gain
  • Used to treat anxiety, withdrawal, muscle relaxant, absence seizures, status epilepticus (IV) and generalized seizures
21
Q

Chlordiazepoxide
Alprazolam
Oxazepam

A
  • Benzos
  • Anti anxiety
  • Ultrashort half life
  • Bind to GABA receptors, increase inhibition
  • Resp dep
22
Q

Midazolam

A
  • Benzo
  • anti anxiety, premedication for general anesthesia
  • Bind to GABA receptors, increase inhibition
  • Resp dep
23
Q

Flumazenil

A
  • Benzo ANTAGONIST
  • Short acting IV use
  • Blocks effects of GABA rec agonists and inverse agonists
  • Precipitate withdrawal of BZ or BARB
  • Reverses BZ resp dep
24
Q

Zolpidem

Zaleplon

A
  • Non-Benzo Anti Anxiety
  • Can be given IV
  • Act on BZ binding site of GABA rec
  • Card dep in heart failure - caution
  • Induce sleep
25
Q

Pentobarbital

A
  • BARB
  • Sedating
  • Anticonvulsant
  • Binds GABA rec, enhances inhibition, short onset and intermediate half life
  • Drowsiness, confusion, diminished motor skills and impaired judgement
  • Premedication for gen anesthesia
26
Q

Phenobarbital

A
  • BARB
  • PO prep readily absorbed into brain
  • Long onset and Long 1/2 life
  • Anticonvulsant and Premedication, preop sedation
  • Drowsiness, confusion, diminished motor skills, impaired judgement, teratogen nausea vomiting, skin rash weight change
27
Q

Amobarbital

A
  • BARB
  • Sedating
  • Immediate onset (IV), short 1/2 life
  • Preop sedation
  • Drowsiness, confusion, diminished motor skills, impaired judgement
28
Q

Thiopental

A
  • BARB*Sedating
  • Immediate onset (IV), ultra short 1/2 life
  • Preop sedation
  • Drowsiness, confusion, diminished motor skills, impaired judgement
  • Anesthesia induction
29
Q

Buspirone

A
  • Misc Sedating
  • 5-HT receptor AGONIST
  • Met by CYP3A4, onset 1-3 weeks so not for acute use
  • No dependence or withdrawal symptoms, no additive effects with EtOH
  • Anti-anxiety
30
Q

Propranolol

A

*Misc Sedating

31
Q

Carbamazepine

A
  • Bipolar treatment, anticonvulsant
  • PO slowly absorbed, highly lidid soluble
  • Inhibits V-G Na channels and reduces firing
  • Drowziness, sedation, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, skin rash weight gain/loss hepatotoxicity, teratogen
32
Q

Valproic Acid

A
  • Bipolar treatment, anticonvulsant
  • PO-high plasma protein binding, met by liver P450
  • Inhibits V-G Na channels and reduces firing, also inhibits GABA
  • Drowziness, sedation, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, skin rash weight gain/loss hepatotoxicity, teratogen, thrombocytopenia
33
Q

Chlorpromazine

A
  • Antipsychotic, phenothiazine
  • Selective antagonist for D2 recept. Low potency
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
34
Q

Haloperidol

Fluphenazine

A
  • Antipsychotic, phenothiazine
  • Selective for D2 rec. HIGH potency
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
35
Q

Thiothixene

A
  • Antipsychotic thioxanthene
  • Selective for D2 medium potency
  • Can increase prolactin release, infertility and impotence
  • Psychosis
36
Q

Risperidone

Paliperidone

A
  • Bipolar treatment, atypical antipsychotic
  • Inhibits both D2 and 5-HT rec
  • Sedation and weight gain
  • Treats psychosis
37
Q

Olanzapine

A
  • Atypical antipsychotic
  • Inhibits D2 and 5-HT rec
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
38
Q

Clozapine

A
  • Atypical antipsychotic
  • Inhibits D2 and 5-HT rec
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
39
Q

Quetiapine

A
  • Atypical antipsychotic
  • Inhibits D2 and 5-HT rec
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
40
Q

Aripiprazole

A
  • Atypical antipsychotic
  • weak D2 agonist and 5-HT rec antagonist
  • Hyperthermia, tachycardia, urinary retention, memory impairment, blurred vision, constipation, confusion, vasodilation, orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction and weight gain
41
Q

Prochlorperazine

Promethazine

A
  • Antiemetic, Antipsychotic

* D2 receptor blockade and H1 receptor blockade

Medical Pharmacology (26 decks)

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