Progestins, Estrogens and Androgens Flashcards
1
Q
Estradiol
A
- Estrogens
- Rapidly inactivated when given orally - Prevent ovulation by inhibiting pituitary and hypothalamus, decrease amount and increase viscosity of cervical mucus
- Contraception
2
Q
Ethinyl estradiol
A
- Estrogens
- Prevent ovulation by inhibiting pituitary and hypothalamus, decrease amount and increase viscosity of cervical mucus
- Nausea, headaches, CV effects, decreased glucose tolerance, weight gain
- Combination OCP (continuous or discontinuous), ovarian dysfunction, PM symptoms
3
Q
Tamoxifen
A
- SERMs
- Breast antagonist, agonist at other tissues (Raloxifene neutral at endometrium/vagina)
- Estrogen dependent breast cancer, relief of PM symptoms, osteoporosis
4
Q
Ospemifene
A
- SERMs
- Breast antagonist, agonist at other tissues, neutral at endometrium
- Breast cancer, vaginal atrophy
5
Q
Clomiphene
Fluvestrant
A
- Estrogen receptor antagonists
- Give in early follicular phase to antagonize inhibitory effects of estrogen on pituitary and hypothalamus
- Ovulation induction
6
Q
Anastrozole (non-steroid)
Exemestane (steroid)
A
- Aromatase inhibitors
- Inhibit conversion of androgens to estrogens
- Hot flashes, effects on plasma lipids and bone resorption
- Breast cancer, ovulation induction
7
Q
Drospirenone
A
- Progestins
- Enhanced activity as mineralocorticoid and androgen antagonist - prevent ovulation by inhibiting hypothalamus and pituitary, prevent fertilization by decreasing amount and increasing viscosity of cervical mucus,
- Nausea, headaches, CV effects, decreased glucose tolerance, weight gain
- Combination OCP (continuous or discountinous), ovarian dysfunction, PM symptoms
8
Q
Progesterone
A
- Progestins
- Rapidly inactivated when given orally –prevent fertilization by decreasing amount and increasing viscosity of cervical mucus, prevent ovulation by inhibiting hypothalamus and pituitary
- Headaches, abnormal menstrual bleeding (irregular periods)
- Contraception (continuous), dysmenorrhea, endometriosis
9
Q
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
A
- Progestins – IM injection
- Prevent fertilization by decreasing amount and increasing viscosity of cervical mucus, prevent ovulation by inhibiting hypothalamus and pituitary
- Headaches, abnormal menstrual bleeding (irregular periods)
- Progestin only IM injections (every 3 months)
10
Q
Norethindrone
A
- Progestins – oral or IUD
- Prevent fertilization by decreasing amount and increasing viscosity of cervical mucus, prevent ovulation by inhibiting hypothalamus and pituitary
- More cross reactivity – headaches, abnormal menstrual bleeding
Combination - Nausea, headaches, CV effects, decreased glucose tolerance, weight gain
*Progestin only OCP and IUD (continuous)
Combination OCP (continuous or discontinuous), ovarian dysfunction, PM symptoms
11
Q
Norgestrel
A
- Proogestins – oral or IUD
- Prevent fertilization by decreasing amount and increasing viscosity of cervical mucus, prevent ovulation by inhibiting hypothalamus and pituitary (emergency)
- Progestin - headaches, abnormal menstrual bleeding
Emergency – nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, breast tenderness, abdominal/leg cramps
*Progestin only OCP and IUD, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis
Emergency contraception (take within 72 hours – no prescription)
12
Q
Ulipristal
A
- SPRMs – more effective than norgestrel
- Inhibits ovulation by antagonizing actions of progesterone on granulosa cell progesterone receptor
- Emergency contraception within 5 days (oral, prescription required)
13
Q
RU 486
A
- Progestin receptor antagonists
- Inhibits ovulation by antagonizing actions of progesterone on granulosa cell progesterone receptor
- Emergency contraception within 5 days (oral, prescription required)
14
Q
FSH
A
- Gonadotropins
- Used to induce follicular growth
- In vitro fertilization
15
Q
CG
A
- Gonadotropins
- Used to induce ovulation
- Diagnostic for pregnancy, IVF
