Psych Drugs Flashcards
Types of GABA receptors
GABAa-benzos,barbiturates,alcohol
GABAb-associated with pain,memory,mood
GABAc
Types of Benzos for Anxiety
-diazepam(Valium)
-clonazepam(Klonopin)
-alprazolam(Xanax)
Types of Benzos for Insomnia
-flurazepam
-temazepam
-triazolam
-estazolam
-quazepam
What is the drug Buspirone?
-Reduces anxiety without being overly sedative
-less likely to be abused
-increases serotonin
What are SSRIs often used for?
-OCD
-Social Anxiety
-Anxiety
-panic disorder
What is Venlafaxine used for?
-anxiety
-Social anxiety
-panic disorder
How long should you use Benzos?
Use during initial phase only
Side effects of SSRIs
GI bleeding
Nursing Implications
-sometimes used for alcohol withdrawal
-abrupt cessation of benzos may cause withdrawal
Seizure Precautions
-have oxygen/suctioning ready
-saline lock if no IV access
-place mattress on floor instead of siderails
Withdrawal symptoms from Benzos
-convulsion
-insomnia
-involuntary movements
-tachycardia
-diaphoresis
Overdose/Withdrawal sx of Opiates
-Overdose: decreased respirations,clammy,seizures
-Withdrawal: watery eyes,runny nose, sweating,tremors
Examples of Tricyclic Antidepressants
-amitriptyline
-desipramine
-doxepin
-imipramine
Uses/Side effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants
Uses- must be used in combo with other analgesics
Side effects: anticholinergic effects and ortho hypo
St.John’s Wort
may be used for moderate depression, but not to be used with MAOIs or SSRIs
What are first-line and second line drugs ?
First-line: TCAs,SSRIs,SNRIs
Second-line: MAOIs
Foods High in Tyramine
-aged cheeses
-red wine
-pickled fish
-fermented meat
Why should you avoid these foods with MAOIs?
can cause a life threatening hypertensive crisis
Monitor with MAOIs
-if discontinue meds,avoid tyramine foods still for 2 weeks
-go to ER immediately for headaches
Monitor with SSRIs
-take with food if GI upset
-take in morning
-decreased libido
Implications for Serotonin Syndrome
Sx: mental status change,increased pulse,fluctuating BP, hyperthermia
Treatment: stop meds, IV fluids, decrease temp
What do you monitor in patients taking Lithium for Bipolar Disorder?
Serum lithium levels to avoid toxicity
Serious/Common Effects
Common: fine hand tremor,polyuria,thirst,nausea,diarrhea
Serious: neurological/cardio effects
What should you not administer Lithium?
-pregnant women, if no other choice try to give at least after 1st trimester
