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J Psych > Psych conditions in children > Flashcards

Psych conditions in children Flashcards

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1
Q

what is disruptive behavior disorder in <12yo (primary school) called

A

oppositional defiant disorder

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2
Q

what is disruptive behavior disorder in >12yo (secondary school) called

what is this a risk factor for

A

conduct disorder

criminality

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3
Q

age inappropriate refusal to go to school

excessive anxiety about being separated from parents

A

separation anxiety disorder

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4
Q

what does separation anxiety disorder lead to in teenagers

A

perfectionism

social anxiety

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5
Q

what % of population has a learning disability

A

3%

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6
Q

learning disability definition

A

IQ <70 (avg is 100)

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7
Q

treatment and prognosis of PKU aetiology learning disorder

A

specialized diet

will be fine with diet - wont be disabled

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8
Q

examples of chromosome abnormalities causes learning disability

A

down syndrome
turners
prader willi
et etc etc

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9
Q

trisomy 21

A

downs syndrome

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10
Q

trisomy 13

A

patau syndrome

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11
Q

trisomy 18

A

Edwards syndrome

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12
Q

5P chromosome abnormality

A

cri du chat

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13
Q

15Q maternal chromosome abnormality

A

angleman

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14
Q

15Q paternal chromosome abnormality

A

prader willi syndrome

Paternal = Prader willi

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15
Q

7Q chromosome abnormality

A

Williams syndrome

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16
Q

45 XO

A

turners syndrome

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17
Q

47 XXX

A

trisomy X

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18
Q

XXY

A

kleinfelter

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19
Q

treatment and prognosis of congenital hypothyroidism causing learning disability

A

thyroid replacement

will be fine! not disabled

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20
Q

what antenatal factors can cause a baby to be born with a learning disability

A

alcohol - fetal alcohol syndrome

infection - rubella, CMV, toxoplasmosis

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21
Q

borderline learning disability IQ

A

70-84

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22
Q

mild learning disability IQ

A

50-69

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23
Q

moderate learning disability IQ

A

35-49

24
Q

severe learning disability IQ

A

20-34

25
Q

profound learning disability IQ

A

<20

26
Q

what neurological condition is associated with learning disabilities

A

epilepsy

27
Q

management of learning disabilities

A

extra support in school ?specialist school

NOT medication

28
Q

which psych conditions are common in those with learning difficulties

A

depression
schizophrenia
adjustment disorders
autism

29
Q

what neuro condition is downs syndrome associated with

A

alzhiemers dementia

30
Q

aetiology of autism spectrum disorder

A

multifactorial - genetic and environmental

31
Q

does the MMR vaccine cause autism

A

NO!

32
Q

which type of ASD has normal intelligence

A

aspergers

33
Q

do girls/boys get retts syndrome

A

girls

34
Q

do more boys or girls have ASD

A

boys

harder to diagnose in girls

35
Q

which endocrine problem is a risk factor for ASD

A

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

36
Q

what hormone is high in ASD (even girls)

A

testosterone

37
Q

what happens to the amygdala in ASD

A

enlarged

38
Q

ASD triad

A

abnormal social interaction
impaired communication
rigid/repetitive behavior, interests and activities

39
Q

treatment of ASD (2)

A

specialist education

communication aids - Makaton, social stories, schedules

40
Q

sensory differences in ASD

A

hyperstimulation to sensory things

noises magnified
tastes strong

41
Q

treatment of aggression in ASD

A

risperidone (second generation atypical antipsychotic)

42
Q

treatment of anxiety/depression in ASD

A

SSRI

43
Q

treatment of sleep disordes in ASD

A

melatonin

44
Q

how common is ADHD

A

common

5% people

45
Q

aetiology of ADHD

A

genetic or biological (brain structure)

46
Q

ADHD triad

A

inattention
hyperactivity
impulsivity

47
Q

what does impulsivity cause in ADHD

A

increased risk of harm - poor road safety etc

48
Q

what age does ADHD usually present at

A

5

49
Q

how long does ADHD symptoms need to have gone on for for diagnosis

A

> 6 months

50
Q

first line treatment for ADHD

A

mindfulness/meditation
parent training
sleep
diet

NOT drugs first line

51
Q

second line treatment for ADHD (after non drug trial)

A

methylphenidate

52
Q

how does methylphenidate work in ADHD

A

stimulant = increased dopaminergic transmission

53
Q

third line treatment in ADHD after methylphenidate

A

SSRIs eg atomoxetine

54
Q

what are the 2 behavioural disorders that ADHD predisposes someone to

A

oppositional defiant disorder
conduct disorder

leads to criminality

55
Q

what MSK condition is associated with ADHD

how does this present

A

perthes

4-8yo boys
short stature
hyperactive (ADHD)
hip pain, Trendelenburg gait

56
Q

how do you treat perthes

A

no treatment

J Psych (14 decks)

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