Anxiety

Question 1

which part of the brain assess the normal stress response

Answer 1

amygdala

Question 2

which part of the brain is overactivated in anxiety

Answer 2

amygdala

Question 3

over what age do people present with anxiety

Answer 3

> 18yo

Question 4

presentation of anxiety (10)

Answer 4

sweating 
trembling 
tingling - from hyperventilation 
dizziness 
palpitations 
chest pain 
hypervigilant
worrier - worries about everything 
lump in throat sensation = decreased appetite = weight loss

Question 5

what are the types of anxiety (4)

Answer 5

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
panic disorder
phobias
OCD

Question 6

triggers of generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 6

no specific triggers

Question 7

diagnosis of generalised anxiety disorder

Answer 7

every other day for 6 months
not controllable
causing loss of function

Question 8

triggers of panic attacks

Answer 8

no specific triggers

Question 9

presentation of panic attacks

Answer 9

spikes of immense anxiety for <10 mins 
generally okay (other wise not anxious), but severe when they occur

Question 10

phobia definition

Answer 10

irrational fear with a specific trigger

Question 11

agoraphobia trigger

Answer 11

leaving home (‘housebound wife’)
public places
travelling alone
being in large groups of people

Question 12

how do people with agoraphobia deal with it

Answer 12

don’t leave house

internet shopping

Question 13

social phobia/social anxiety disorder definition

Answer 13

fear of social/performance situations bc of embarrassment

fear of being under scrutiny

Question 14

is social phobia associated with being in large groups

Answer 14

no

Question 15

when does social phobia usually present

Answer 15

childhood (most others are early adulthood)

Question 16

what is significant about simple/specific phobias

Answer 16

there is a specific trigger

Question 17

odonotophobia

Answer 17

fear of dentist

Question 18

arachnophobia

Answer 18

fear of spiders

Question 19

coulrophobia

Answer 19

fear of clowns

Question 20

when does specific/simple phobia present

Answer 20

childhood (most others are early adulthood)

Question 21

how does treatment of specific/simple phobias differ to other phobias/anxiety

Answer 21

graded exposure

Question 22

in OCD is there though insertions (passivity phenomena)

Answer 22

no - thoughts are their own

Question 23

do people with OCD find their rituals enjoyable

Answer 23

no

Question 24

are the repeated rituals in OCD purposeful

Answer 24

no usually pointless things they are doing

Question 25

diagnosis of OCD

Answer 25

compulsive acts and obsessive thoughts
occurs most days for 2 weeks
causes them distress/not enjoyable
interferes with normal functioning

Question 26

treatment for OCD (3)

Answer 26

SSRIs eg fluoxetine
tricyclic eg clomipramine
CBT

SSRIs + CBT + ERP

Question 27

first line general treatment for anxiety disorders

Answer 27

psychoeducation

Question 28

second line general treatment for anxiety disorder

Answer 28

CBT
behavioral therapy
SSRI eg fluoxetine
benzodiazepines eg lorazepam

Question 29

if you prescribe benzodiazepines, how long can you keep them on it for

Answer 29

2-4 weeks (short term only)

Question 30

treatment for tremor/palpitations/sweating in anxiety disorders

Answer 30

beta blockers eg propranolol

Question 31

how does benzodiazepines work

what do they cause (4)

Answer 31

enhance GABAa = inhibits post synaptic potential = less APs = calming effects

reduce anxiety
reduce aggression
hypnosis/sedation
muscle relaxation

Question 32

what happens if you use benzos for >4 weeks

Answer 32

dependency