Psych Ch 1.

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

Wundt and Titchener used INTROSPECTION to reveal the structure of the human mind

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

The mental and behavioral processes function how they enable the organism to adapt survive and flourish

James and influenced by Darwin

Question 3

Behaviorism

Answer 3

The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) Studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most psychologist today agree with (1) but not (2)

Question 4

Psychologist

Answer 4

Clinical psychologist studies assesses and treats trouble people with psycho therapy

Question 5

Psychiatrists

Answer 5

Are medical professionals who use treatments like medications to treat psychology diseases patients

Question 6

Nature

Answer 6

The biological make up in genes

Question 7

Nurture

Answer 7

Experiences and environment

Question 8

Biopsychosocial approach

Answer 8

And integrated approach that incorporates biological psychological social cultural levels of analysis

Question 9

Neuroscience

Answer 9

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (perception, thinking, memory and language)

Question 10

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 10

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of natural selection.

Question 11

Psychodynamic theories

Answer 11

View personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences

Question 12

Counseling psychology

Answer 12

A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school work or marriage) and in achieving greater well being

Question 13

Clinical psychology

Answer 13

Branch of psychology that studies asses and treats people with psychological disorders

Question 14

Hindsight bias

Answer 14

The tendency to believe after the learning an outcome that one would have foreseen it

Question 15

Overconfidence

Answer 15

The tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate that accuracy of our beliefs and judgments

sometimes we think we know more than we actually know

Question 16

Intuition

Answer 16

An effortless immediate automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with explicit conscious reasoning

Question 17

Theory

Answer 17

An explanation that organizes and predicts behavior or events

Question 18

Hypothesis

Answer 18

A testable prediction often promoted by a theory to enable us to accept reject or revise the theory. Operational definitions make hypothesis testable

Question 19

Operational definition

Answer 19

A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study

Question 20

Replication

Answer 20

Repeating the essence of a research study usually with different participants in different situations to see whether the basic finding can be reproduced

Question 21

Case study

Answer 21

A descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope or revealing universal principles

Question 22

Naturalistic observation

Answer 22

A descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation

Question 23

Survey

Answer 23

A technique for ascertaining the self reported attitudes, opinions, or behaviors of people usually done by questioning a representative random sample of people

Question 24

Random assignment

Answer 24

Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by random assignments minimizes pre-existing differences between the two groups

Question 25

Correlation

Answer 25

When one trait or behavior accompanies one answer we say the two correlate

Question 26

Placebo effect

Answer 26

Experimental result caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition which the recipient

Question 27

Independent variable

Answer 27

Is a factor manipulated by the experimenter. The effect of the independent variable is the focus of the study

Question 28

Dependent variable

Answer 28

Is a factor that may change in response to an independent variable. In psychology it is usually a behavior or mental process

Question 29

Informed consent

Answer 29

Giving potential participants enough information about a study to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate