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Psychology > Psych And Crime > Flashcards

Psych And Crime Flashcards

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1
Q

Define aggression

A

Any behaviour intended to cause physical or psychological harm to a person.

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2
Q

What is observational learning

A

Observational learning involves learning by watching someone else’s behaviour and the consequences of their behaviour.

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3
Q

What is another term for observational learning

A

Modelling

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4
Q

Who created observational learning

A

Albert bandura

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5
Q

Define forensic psychology

A

An area of psychology which combines an understanding of the legal system and how people interact with the legal system

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6
Q

What areas does forensic psychology focus on

A 
Child custody
Discrimination
Sexual harassment cases
Workers compensation 
Psychological assessment of offenders and their criminal responsibility 
Profiling offenders
Insanity defences 
Victims behaviour 
Human memory
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7
Q

List all 5 types of stalkers

A 
Rejected
Intimacy
Incompetent 
Resentful
Predatory
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8
Q

Define stalking

A

Stalking is repeated and persistent harassment where a person imposes on another person with unwanted communication or contact

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9
Q

What is a rejected stalker

A

A stalker who once knew the victim. They believe there behaviour is justified by wanting reconciliation or revenge

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10
Q

What is the intimacy seeking stalker

A

This is a stalker who admires the victim and wants to have a relationship with them. They are oblivious to the victims feelings and commonly believe the victim reciprocates their own feelings

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11
Q

What is the incompetent stalker

A

A stalker who simply desires a relationship with their victim, they are seeking a date or trying to establish contact. This type of stalker rarely sustains one victim for a long period of time, they tend to move from victim to victim.

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12
Q

What is the resentful stalker

A

This stalkers main aim is to scare the victim. This stalker feels justified in their behaviour, as they are fighting against what they see as injustice.

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13
Q

What is the predatory stalker

A

This stalker stalks as part of a plan with the intention to harm their victim. This type of stalker is the most dangerous

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14
Q

What percentage of stalking victims are female

A

75%

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15
Q

What percentage of stalkers are male

A

84%

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16
Q

What percentage of stalkers are female

A

11%

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17
Q

Define inductive profiling

A

Inductive profiling assumes that when a criminal commits a crime, he or she will have similar backgrounds and motives to those who have committed similar crimes

18
Q

Define deductive profiling

A

Deductive profiling uses crime scene evidence to try and understand the criminals mind.

19
Q

What are the six steps of a crime scene analysis

A

1) Profiling inputs
2) Decision process model
3) Crime assessments
4) Criminal profile
5) Investigation
6) Apprehension

20
Q

Describe profiling inputs

A

Collecting and collating evidence

21
Q

Describe decision process model

A

The evidence is now analysed to identify basic facts and patterns

22
Q

Describe crime assessment

A

In this step the crime scene is reconstructed

23
Q

Describe criminal profile

A

A criminal profile is developed, describing the criminals appearance, characteristics and personality

24
Q

Describe the investigation

A

The criminal profile is given to the investigators and organisations that may have data leading to a suspect

25
Q

Describe apprehension

A

If a suspect is identified he or she is interveiwed, investigated and compared to the profile.

26
Q

Define organised criminals

A

An organised criminal is one who is confident, and exercises control when committing an offence. They are of high intelligence and plan their crime and victim ahead of time.

27
Q

Define disorganised criminals

A

A disorganised criminal is one who lacks confidence and control when committing an offence. The crime is often unplanned and messy, they often have low intelligence and self esteem

28
Q

Organised killer characteristics

A

Carefully selected victim and location
Tend to have a preference of victim (age, race, gender)
Good hygiene and appear clean, professional and unthreatening
Take souvenirs
Average or above average intelligence
High self esteem and confidence
Stable, relaxed upbringing

29
Q

Disorganised criminal characteristics

A 
Crime scene looks chaotic 
Unplanned victim and crime scene 
The victims body tends to be mutilated and disfigured 
Evidence is left on the scene
Low hygiene 
Low intelligence and self esteem 
Unstable and strict upbringing
30
Q

How many people in the world are considered psychopaths (%)

A

1%

31
Q

What are the two different diagnostic tools for measuring psychopathy

A

Psychopathy checklist revised (PCL - R)

Psychopathic personality inventory (PPI)

32
Q

Define anti social behaviour

A

Any behaviour that is disruptive or harmful to the well being or property of another person or to the functioning of a group or society

33
Q

What are the four categories involved in the PCL-R

A

Interpersonal
Affective
Lifestyle
Antisocial

34
Q

Define mass murderer

A

A mass murderer is an individual who kills several victims in one occasion

35
Q

Define serial killer

A

Someone who has killed 3 or more victims on 3 or more occasions in 3 or more separate locations, with a cooling off period in between

36
Q

Define massacre

A

A single event where many people are killed

37
Q

What is the psychopathological triad and what does it contain

A

The psychopathological triad is three common characteristics found in serial killers at a young age
The characteristics are
Enuresis - bed wetting
Pyromania - fire starting
Precocious sadism - childhood delight in torturing animals

38
Q

What are the four main types of serial killers

A

Visionary
Mission oriented
Hedonistic
Power controlled/oriented

39
Q

What is a visionary serial killer

A

The killer believes that visions or voices guide their actions

40
Q

What is a mission oriented serial killer

A

The killer believes that they must remove a certain group from society

41
Q

What is a hedonistic serial killer

A

The killer derives pleasure or gain from the killings

42
Q

What is a power/control oriented killer

A

The killer gains sexual satisfaction from controlling others

Psychology (4 decks)

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