Paych And Sleep Flashcards
What are the four lobes of the brain
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
What is the function of the frontal lobe
It is associated with thinking and decision making, personality, emotional behaviour, self awareness and judging consequences.
What is “broca’s area”
Responsible for production of speech, located in the frontal lobe
What is the function of the parietal lobe
Registers sensory information. Senses touch, pressure, temperature and muscle movement
What is the function of the temporal lobe
Receives and is responsible for auditory information such as talking and sounds.
What is wernicke’s area
Responsible for speech comprehension. Located in the temporal lobe
Function of the occipital lobe
Responsible for visual information, sent from the retina directly to the occipital lobe
Function of corpus callosum
Bridge connecting the left and right hemisphere of the brain
Function of cerebellum
Responsible for coordination, balance and movement
Function of the brain stem
Regulates survival functions
Eg heartbeat, blood pressure and breathing rates
Function of thalamus
Sensory data arrives here and then is sent to the cortex
Function of hypothalamus
Regulates body temperature, appetite, thirst and hormones
Function of pineal gland
Controls our body clock and our sleep cycle, produces the hormone melatonin (sleep hormone)
Function of hippocampus
Responsible for making new memories. Also direct finder and navigator
Function of amygdala
Associated with emotions of fear and anger. Plays a key role in our emotional responses
What does the left hemisphere of the brain control
Speaking and writing,
Logical thought
Algebraic calculations
Science
What does the right hemisphere of the brain control
Recognising patterns Solving puzzles Reading maps Art and music Creativity
What are the three main theories for the purpose of sleep
1) repair and restorative theory
2) evolutionary theory
3) information consolidation theory
What is the repair and restorative theory
It states Sleep is essential for revitalise and restore the body and mind it allow proper functioning
What is the evolutionary theory
It states the humans and animals have developed sleep patterns to increase their chances of survival. All species have adapted to sleeping during periods of time when being awake would be most dangerous
What is the information consolidation theory
This theory states people sleep in order to process information that has been acquired during the day
What we the two main stages of sleep
Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) takes up 80% of sleep (4 distinct stages)
Rapid eye movement (REM) - 20% of sleep
How often to sleep cycles repeat
Approximately 4-5 times a night, each cycle taking up about 90 minutes
Describe stage 1 sleep
Lightest stage of sleep
Transition between asleep and awake
Hypnic jerks occur (involuntary muscle twitches that jerk the person awake)
Describe the second stage of sleep
Sleep spindles occur (waves of brain activity that block out external noise)
Heart and breathing rate slow down. Lower muscle tension and body temperature
Describe the third stage of sleep
Deep/restorative sleep
No eye or muscle action
Beginning if the deepest stage of sleep
Describe the fourth stage of sleep
Deepest stage of sleep - difficult to wake
Parasol is occurs - a category of sleep disorders including sleep talking and sleep walking
Body temperature at lowest point
Describe REM sleeping
Heart and breathing rates increase Eye movement is quick and regular Increased brain activity - memorable dreams occurs Voluntary muscles are paralysed Paradoxical sleep
What are the three theories as to why we dream
Psychoanalytical dream theory
Problem solving theory
Activation synthesis Theory
What is the psychoanalytical dream theory
According to sigmund Freud, the purpose of dreams is to express our unconscious wishes, desires and fantasies that we cannot express in everyday life
What is the Problem solving theory
States that dreams have a purpose and help us solve problems when we dream, we sort out problems experienced during our waking lives
What is the activation synthesis theory
According to Hobson and mcCarly, dreams are meaningless and are caused by randomly activated neurons that our brain tries to interpret using past experiences, memories and knowledge
What is the function of the cerebral cortex
It is responsible for all conscious thoughts and is the biggest, most visible part of the brain
