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BRS > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

1
Q

Physical symptoms of anxiety?

A 
Palpitations
Sweating
Butterflies (splanchnic vasoconstriction)
Tremor
Paraesthesia
Depersonalisation 
Syncope
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2
Q

Give examples of obsessions relating to OCD

A

Ego-dystonic thoughts
Repetitive ruminations
Can be buzzard or delusional
Resistance → anxiety

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3
Q

Explain the compulsions associated with ocd? + examples

A

Response to obsessional thoughts
Rituilisitc precise

Eg. Hand washing , counting , symmetry

Start again if interrupted

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4
Q

Give some classifications of anxiety (7)

A 
Generalised anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Agoraphobia
Simple phobia
Social phobia
OCD
PTSD
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5
Q

When is anxiety classified as a disorder?

A

When it is excessive, impacts on life or out of context

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6
Q

Give 2 examples of management for anxiety

A

CBT course

Clomipramine

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of mental illness?

A

Anxiety

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8
Q

3 core features of depression?

A

Low mood / sadness
Loss of energy (anergia)
Loss of enjoyment (anhedonia)

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9
Q

Physical symptoms of depression?

A 
Appetite and weight loss
Diurnal mood changes 
Poor sleep
Libido loss
Constipation 
Slow or agitated
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10
Q

Psychological symptoms of depression?

A 
Poor concentration 
Feeling guilty or hopeless
Low self esteem
Indecisive
Suicidal 
Delusional
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11
Q

3 types of treatment for depression and examples?

A

Medication - antidepressants
Psychological - CBT 12 sessions
Social - exercise , company

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12
Q

Symptoms of mania?

A 
Elated, over energised , grandiose 
Irritable, little need for sleep
Poor concern and judgment 
Over spending
Rapid speech
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13
Q

Symptoms of schizophrenia?

A 
Hallucinations 
Delusions 
Abnormal behaviour - mumbling, unkempt , self neglect , etc
Disorganise speech
Emotion disturbance - eg apathy
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14
Q

Describe what a delusion is

A

Fixed false belief that is firmly held even with evidence to the contrary

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15
Q

What is formal thought disorder and what is it associated with?

A

Failing to follow semantic and syntactic rules of language

Schizophrenia

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16
Q

Name 4 types of treatments for schizophrenia

A

Antipsychotics
Psychological therapies
Family therapy
Arts therapies

17
Q

Describe what compulsion is?

A

Overwhelming urges to repeat behaviours even knowing they are harmful

18
Q

Explain when and why anxiety and depression are normal responses?

A

Factors such as genetics and environment (eg,threats) can trigger these states so that appropriate response are brought about (eg. escaping threat or recuperating from stress)

19
Q

Give examples of distress reducing behaviour

A

Self harm
Substance use
Disorder per eating
Compulsive rituals

20
Q

Explain the negative reinforcement of distress reducing behaviours

A

They cause only temporary relief and then the urge comes again so the action is repeated in order to get this relief

21
Q

4 factors involved in addiction?

A

Repeated negative reinforcement
Persistent states of distress
Social context
Direct action on neural circuits

22
Q

What disorders are associated with negative reinforcement?

A

Self harm
Addiction
OCD
Eating disorders

23
Q

Explain psychosis

A

Hallucination and delusions

Pathologies which disrupt process of perceiving and interpreting reality

24
Q

What can be seen in PET to possibly indicate schizophrenia?

A

Striatal dopamine , often in response to stress

25
Q

Cause of schizophrenia?

A

Polygenic, epigenetic

Genes for D2, neurpdevelolmemt and inflammations

26
Q

5 causes of psychosis?

A 
Genetics 
Developmental adversity/ abuse 
Neurodevelopmemtal 
Life stressors
Recreational drugs
27
Q

3 types of treatments and examples for psychosis?

A

Antipsychotics - eg antidopaminergic

Psychological- CBT, avatar therapy

Social - supportive environments structures and routines

BRS (7 decks)

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