Psych Flashcards
Pick’s disease is also known as
Frontotemporal lobe dementia
What are the signs of pick’s disease
The most common variant is behavioral which is characterized by loss of social inhibition, ritualized behaviors, apathy, aggression, and lack of insight.
What would be the CT findings in picks disease
What about postmortem
CT and MRI of the head will show focal atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes.
On autopsy, pathologic examination may reveal round intraneuronal inclusion bodies (also called “Pick bodies”), which are diagnostic.
A patient presents with incontinence, ataxia and dementia. What is the likely diagnosis.
What about:
A patient presents with subacute dementia, ataxia and myoclonic jerks?
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Patients are wet, wobbly and wacky (incontinence, ataxia, and dementia)
- Creutzfeldt jakob disease
Extremely rare but progressive prion disease
What are the main symptoms of lewy body dementia (DLB)
Fluctuating levels of
confusion, hallucinations and a resting tremor.
Outline the histology and location of the lewy bodies in lewy body dementia
DLB is characterised by
the accumulation of abnormal aggregates of proteins, called Lewy bodies in the
cytoplasm of neurons.
It also leads to a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the
substantia nigra, resulting in features of parkinsonism (resting tremor, postural
instability, bradykinesia and rigidity).
t/f Lewy body dementia is the most common cause of dementia after alzheimers
T
What are the typical dementia symptoms
anterograde amnesia, confusion,` changes in personality and mood and
difficulty planning.
Rapidly progressive demential with memory loss, myoclonus, cerebella or visual dysfunction
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease is an infectious prion disease which causes a rapid neurodegenerative process resulting in symptoms such as dementia , myoclonus , cerebella or visual dysfunction.
Presence of which protein in CSF can lead to diagnosis of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Presence of 14-3-3 protein in the
cerebrospinal fluid
can lead to the diagnosis of this disease.
EEG should be done too
Pick’s disease
Pick's disease is one of the frontotemporal dementias . Suspect frontotemporal dementia in an elderly patient who presents with sudden personality change, especially when they demonstrate impulsive and inappropriate behaviors.
Dementia following trauma?
Dementia
pugilistica is a
post-traumatic
dementia that develops after blunt head trauma. The prefix pugil- means boxer in Latin . It often occurs as a result of motor vehicle accident injuries and sports related traumas.
First symptoms of alzheimer’s disease
Typical first symptoms are a subtle
loss of short-term memory
, language difficulties, and apraxias, followed by impaired judgment and
personality changes
.
Psychiatric symptoms
are often prominent in the course of the illness.
What is dementia
Major neurocognitive disorder (previously called dementia) is an acquired disorder of cognitive function that is commonly characterized by impairments in:
memory, speech, reasoning, intellectual function, and/or spatial-temporal awareness.
Most common cause of dementia
Alzheimer disease (>50%) Parkinson disease Frontotemporal dementia Dementia with Lewy bodies Progressive supranuclear palsy Huntington disease
Slowly progressive dementia, featuring episodic impairment of memory and language impairment
Alzheimer disease
What is the characteristic order of language impairment in alzheimers
Naming –> comprehension –> fluency
What is the investigations for alzheimer
AD is a clinical diagnosis
Diffuse cortical atrophy
Hippocampal atrophy.
CSF: reduced beta amyloid, raised phosphorylated Tau
