Psych

Question 1

small molecule transmitters

Answer 1

amino acids (NT)
monoamines (NM)
acetylcholine (NM)
NO

Question 2

amino acid neurotransmitters

Answer 2

glutamate: excitatory
GABA: inhibitory

Question 3

monoamines neuromodulators

Answer 3

catecholamines (NE/epi/dopamine)
serotonin
histamine

Question 4

function of NE/epi

Answer 4

sympathetic, wakefullness, arousal, attention, memory

Question 5

function of dopamine

Answer 5

reward/motivation and executive function/motor control

Question 6

function of serotonin

Answer 6

wakefullness, cognition, mood, appetite

Question 7

function of acetylcholine

Answer 7

acts on nicotinic and muscarinic receptors at neuromuscular junction to activate parasympathetic system

Question 8

large molecule transmitters

Answer 8

neuropeptides

Question 9

neuropeptides

Answer 9

substance P/tachykinins: pain perception
kisspeptin/tachykinins: reproductive function
orexin: wakefullness
proopiomelanocortin: feeding and metabolism
endogenous opioids
cannabinoids

Question 10

GABA synthesis

Answer 10

from gultamate, using vitamin B6

Question 11

function of glutamate

Answer 11

predominant excitatory NT of brain, expressed everywhere

Question 12

receptor of glutamate

Answer 12

ionotropic (fast/excitatory)

GPCR (slow/inhibitory and excitatory)

Question 13

clearance of glutamate

Answer 13

pre/post/glial cell uptake receptors

Question 14

function of GABA

Answer 14

predominant inhibitory NT of brain, expressed everywhere

Question 15

receptor of GABA

Answer 15

ionotropic and metabotropic

Question 16

clearance of GABA

Answer 16

pre/glial cell uptake receptors

Question 17

receptor for acetylcholine

Answer 17

ionotropic (nicotinic)

metabotropic (muscarinic)

Question 18

synthesis of acetylcholine

Answer 18

from acetyl CoA and choline

Question 19

location of acetylcholine expression

Answer 19

basal forebrain and brainstem

Question 20

clearance of acetylcholine

Answer 20

acetylcholine esterase

Question 21

location of NE expression

Answer 21

pons, brainstem

Question 22

location of epi expression

Answer 22

adrenals

Question 23

receptors for NE/epi

Answer 23

alpha1, alpha2, beta2 (heart)

Question 24

clearance of NE/epi

Answer 24

pre-synaptic autoreceptors

Question 25

formation of NE/epi

Answer 25

from tyrosine

Question 26

synthesis of dopamine

Answer 26

from tyrosine

Question 27

receptor for dopamine

Answer 27

GPCRs

G1=stimulation, G2=inhibition

Question 28

clearance of dopamine

Answer 28

DAT

Question 29

synthesis of seratonin

Answer 29

tryptophan

Question 30

receptors for seratonin

Answer 30

many! both ionotropic and metabotropic

Question 31

nucleii locations of seratonin

Answer 31

brain and gut

Question 32

clearance of seratonin

Answer 32

SERT (pre-synaptic)

Question 33

receptor for endophins

Answer 33

mu

Question 34

receptors for enkephalins

Answer 34

delta

Question 35

receptors for dyrnophins

Answer 35

kappa

Question 36

receptor for endomorphins

Answer 36

mu

Question 37

sensory aphasia (Wernicke)

Answer 37

inability to comprehend written or spoken words, some difficulty speaking

Question 38

motor aphasia (Broca)

Answer 38

non-fluent speech

Question 39

global aphasia

Answer 39

both Broca and Wernicke

Question 40

depersonalization

Answer 40

disorder of perception, feel dissociated from sensations

Question 41

psychoanalysis

Answer 41

promotes awareness of unconscious, maladaptive and habitually recurrent patterns of emotion and behavior

Question 42

supportive psychotherapy

Answer 42

reinforcement of patent’s healthy and adaptive patterns of thought. unlike psychoanalysis because the therapist is an encouraging, supportive team member.