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Q Bank Quickies > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

1
Q

Projection vs displacement

A

Projection: Unacceptable impulse is attributed to someone else (Man who cheated thinks wife is cheating on him). Displacement: Unacceptable feelings are transferred to some neutral person or object (yell at kid because you were yelled at)

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2
Q

Reaction formation vs sublimation

A

Reaction formation: Warded off feeling is replaced by emphasis on its opposite (man with libidinous thoughts enters a monastery). Sublimation: Mature defense –> replace unacceptable wish with course of action similar to the wish but is acceptable (aggression –> sports).

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3
Q

Altruism, according to step 1

A

Guilty feelings alleviated by generosity toward others

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4
Q

Fixation vs regression

A

Fixation: partially remaining at a more childish level of development (ex fixating on sports games). Regression: going back to earlier state of development (happens with stressed kids)

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5
Q

Repression vs suppression

A

Repression is involuntarily withholding idea or feeling from consciousness, suppression is VOLUNTARILY doing that.

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6
Q

Symptoms start age 1-4 –> regression, loss of verbal abilities, MR, ataxia, and stereotyped hand-wringing. Only in girls.

A

Rett’s disorder. X linked, boys die.

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7
Q

3-4 year olds. Marked regression in multiple areas of functioning after at least 2 years of normal development. More common in boys.

A

Childhood disintegrative disorder.

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8
Q

NT changes with anxiety

A

Increased NE, decreased GABA and serotonin

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9
Q

NT changes with depression

A

Decreased NE, GABA and serotonin

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10
Q

NT changes with Huntingtons

A

Decreased GABA and ACh, increased DA

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11
Q

NT changes with Parkinsons

A

Decreased DA, increased serotonin, increased ACh

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12
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Name, place, date

A

Orientation. Lost time first, then place, then person.

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13
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Follow multistep commands

A

Comprehension

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14
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Recite months of year backwards

A

Concentration

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15
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Recall 3 unrelated words after 5 minutes

A

Short term memory

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16
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Details of significant life events

A

Long term memory

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17
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Write a sensible sentence with a noun and verb

A

Language

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18
Q

Which part of mental status exam: Draw a clockface

A

Visuospatial

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19
Q

Schizophrenia vs schizophreniform

A

> 6 months

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20
Q

Schizoaffective

A

Schizo + mood (bipolar or depressive).

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21
Q

Brief psychotic disorder

A

<1 month

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22
Q

Dissociative identity vs depersonalization vs dissociative fugue

A

ID: multiple personality. Deperson: detachment. Fugue: can’t recall past

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23
Q

Cyclothymic disorder

A

Like the dysthymia of bipolar. Lasts at least 2 years and cycles between dysthymia and hypomania

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24
Q

Acute stress disorder cutoff

A

1 month, then PTSD

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25
Q

GAD vs adjustment disorder

26
Q

Somatization disorder

A

MULTIPLE ORGAN SYSTEMS!

27
Q

Schizoid vs schizotypal

A

Schizoid = aloof and doesn’t want relationships, schizotypal is eccentric. Both cluster A

28
Q

Substance dependence vs abuse

A

Abuse is using it even though it is causing clinically significant impairment or distress

29
Q

Sensitive indicator of alcohol use?

30
Q

What NT plays a role in morphine tolerance?

A

Glutamate. Can give ketamine for prevention

31
Q

What do you NOT get tolerant to with opioids

A

Miosis and constipation

32
Q

Flumezanil

A

Benzo antagonist

33
Q

Pentazocine

A

Partial mu agonist activity and weak antagonist activity, causes withdrawal symptoms of opiates

34
Q

Varenicline

A

Nicotine partial agonist at AChR so prevents full effects of smoking

35
Q

Buprenorphine

A

Partial mu agonist, long acting with fewer withdrawal symptoms than methadone when given with naloxone.

36
Q

What is the cause of most OD related deaths?

A

Opioid prescription painkillers. More than heroin OD and cocaine combined

37
Q

Delirium tremens. What is it? When does it peak? Progression? Treatment?

A

Life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks 2-5 days after last drink. Starts with ANS hyperactivity, then psychotic symptoms and confusion. Treatment is benzos

38
Q

First symptom of severe alcohol withdrawal. When does it occur?

A

Starts with tremulousness (shakes) 5-10 hours after last drink!

39
Q

Neuroleptic antipsychotics: high potency

A

Try flu, Hal. Haloperidol, trifluoperazine, fluphenazine. Extrapyramidal side effects. Block D2 to increase cAMP.

40
Q

Neuroleptic antipsychotics: low potency. What are they and important side effects.

A

Chlorpromazine, thioridazine. See dirty side effects (anticholinergic, antihistamine, alpha 1 blockade). EYE–> chlorpromazine –> corneal deposits, thioridazine –> reTinal deposits.

41
Q

Evolution of extrapyramidal side effects of neuroleptics and treatments for each state

A

4 hr: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis (sustained elevation of eyes in upward position) –> treat with antihistamines or anticholinergics
4 day: akathisia (restlessness) –> treat with beta blocker
4 weeks: bradykinesia (parkinsonism) –> treat with anticholinergics or amantidine
4 months: tardive dyskinesia

42
Q

Dantrolene

A

Treats neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia

43
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

FEVER: Fever, Encephalopathy, Vitals unstable, Elevated enzymes, Rigidity of muscles

44
Q

Respiridone side effects

A

Risprolactone –> extrapyramidal. Despair-a-done–> makes you fat. Weight gain, diabetes, extrapyramidal

45
Q

Olanzapine: side effects

A

Metabolanzapine. Metabolic syndrome, weight gain, diabetes

46
Q

Quetiapine: side effects

A

Quiet (no weight gain or diabetes) BUT cataracts. Quetaracts

47
Q

Ariprazole: side effects

A

Partial agonist at D2 –> more extrapyramidal than any other atypical. Aripyramidazole

48
Q

Clozapine: side effects

A 
Clawesomepine: most effective
Closet awful --> all the bad SE's of atypicals and more
-Weight gain and diabetes
-Decreased seizure threshold
-Agranulocytosis
-Orthostatic hypotension (alpha blocker)
49
Q

Ziprasidone: side effects

A

Skinny like zebra: no weight gain.
Zip –> may need to zap heart (long QT)
Pra –> extrapyramidal

50
Q

How do you treat acute mania?

A

Mood stabilizer (lithium, valproate, or carbamazepine) plus atypical antipsychotic (olanzapine)

51
Q

Lithium AE’s

A

LMNOP. Lithium –> Movement, Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus,hypOthyroidism (weight gain, dry skin, hair loss, constipation, bradycardia), Pregnancy problems (cardiac malformations, Ebstein’s anomaly). Lithium is reabsorbed at proximal tubule following Na+. so anything that increases Na+ reabsorption increases lithium toxicity. Thiazides, ACEis, NSAIDs (ACEi’s and NSAIDs not known why).

52
Q

MOA of buspirone. Use?

A

Stimulates 5-HT1A receptors. First line for GAD. Doesn’t do panic.

53
Q

Serotonin syndrome: What does it look like, common drugs that cause it, and treatment?

A

Symptoms:
Excitation: Hyperreflexia, clonus, rigidity
ANS: Hyperthermia, tachy, tremor, sweat
Mental status: Agitation, confusion
Treat with cyproheptadine (5HT2 antagonist).
Common drug interactions:
Antidepressants: SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOis, tricyclics
Analgesics: tramadol
Anti-emetics: Ondansetron (5-HT3 antagonist)
Antibiotics: Linezolid
Neuropsychiatric: Triptans

54
Q

Duloxetine

A

SNRI. Depression and indicated for diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

55
Q

MOA of tricyclics

A

Block reuptake of NE and serotonine. But also blocks alpha 1 and muscarinic.

56
Q

Tricyclic toxicity treatment

A

NaHCO3 for CV toxicity –> inhibition of Na fast channels.

57
Q

MAOi uses

A

Atypical depression: mood reactivity, leaden fatigue, rejection sensitivity, reversed vegetative (increased sleep and appetite).

58
Q

Toxicity of bupropion

A

Stimulant side effects, headache, seizure in bulemic patients. No sexual side effects

59
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Alpha 2 antagonist (increases release of NE and serotonin) and 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 antagonist. Atypical antidepressant. Causes sedation, weight gain, dry mouth.

60
Q

Maprotiline

A

Blocks NE reuptake. Atypical antidepressant. Toxicity: sedation, orthostatic hypotension

61
Q

Trazadone

A

Inhibits serotonin reuptake. Used for insomnia, high doses needed for antidepressant effects. Causes priapism –> trazobone.

Q Bank Quickies (11 decks)

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