PSYCH 1010 Exam 2

Question 1

Behaviorist Perspective

Answer 1

Observable behavior, conditioning, reinforcement modeling

Question 2

Conditioning

Answer 2

The process of learning associations between stimuli and behavioral responses

Question 3

UCR (Unconditioned Response)

Answer 3

No learning is needed because it is a natural response

Question 4

UCS (Unconditioned Stimulus)

Answer 4

The thing that caused the natural response

Question 5

NS (Neutral Stimulus)

Answer 5

Something that does not normally elicit the same natural reaction

Question 6

CS (Conditioned Stimulus)

Answer 6

A neural stimulus that through repeated association with a UCS brings a similar response

Question 7

CR (Conditioned Response)

Answer 7

The learned behavior that occurs when a natural stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus

Question 8

BWE Natural Stimulus?

Answer 8

White Rat

Question 9

BWE Unconditioned Stimulus?

Answer 9

Steel bar hit with a hammer

Question 10

BWE Unconditioned Response?

Answer 10

Fear

Question 11

BWE Conditioned Response?

Answer 11

No Fear

Question 12

BWE Conditioned Stimulus?

Answer 12

White rat with hammer

Question 13

Positive

Answer 13

Add

Question 14

Reinforcement

Answer 14

Increased Behavior

Question 14

Negative

Answer 14

Take Away

Question 15

Punishment

Answer 15

Decreased Behavior

Question 16

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 16

In response to behavior adding a stimulus that someone likes motivating them to do more of that behavior

Question 17

Positive Punishment

Answer 17

In response to behavior adding a stimulus that the person does not like motivating them to decrease the behavior

Question 18

Negative Punishment

Answer 18

In response to behavior take away a stimulus that someone likes motivating them to decrease the behavior

Question 19

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 19

A behavior in place that allows us to take away a stimulus that someone does not like which motivates them to increase the behavior

Question 20

Observational Learning

Answer 20

The learning of new behavior through watching the actions of a model or someone else

Question 21

What are the 4 elements that must be at work when talking about observational learning?

Answer 21

Attention, memory, imitation, desire

Question 22

Nondeclarative

Answer 22

Unconscious skills, habits and reflexes

Question 23

Declarative

Answer 23

Conscious awareness of names, facts and events

Question 24

Factors that play into long term memory?

Answer 24

Nondeclarative Declarative People Stuff

Question 25

Encoding

Answer 25

The process of transforming sensory information into a format that the brain can store and use

Question 26

Short term memory

Answer 26

The ability to store a small amount of information for a short period of time

Question 27

Working memory

Answer 27

the ability to temporarily store and use a small amount of information to complete a task

Question 28

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer 28

Describe the process of continuing to pay attention to a piece of information

Question 29

Serial position effect

Answer 29

Describes the findings that information at the beginning and end of a list is more likely to be remembered than the info in the middle

Question 30

Cognitive psychologists assess...

Answer 30

How individuals comprehend and respond to the world around them. - thinking -creativity -problem solving skills

Question 31

Mental images

Answer 31

Forms of mental representation that allows us to make sense of all the information that we take in through our senses

Question 32

Convergent thinking

Answer 32

Only one answer to the problem

Question 33

Divergent thinking

Answer 33

Many different ideas or possibilities to solve a problem

Question 34

Confirmation bias

Answer 34

The tendency to search the evidence that fits ones beliefs while ignoring any evidence that does not fit those beliefs

Question 35

Insight learning

Answer 35

A type of learning that occurs when someone suddenly realizes how to solve a problem

Question 36

Intelligence Test

Answer 36

IQ verbal and performance test 100 is the mean score for the IQ test

Question 37

High emotional intelligence

Answer 37

Recognizing emotions, using emotions, adapting, empathizing, communicating, building relationships and managing conflict

Question 38

Gardens Multiple Intelligence

Answer 38

A theory that describes how people learn and process information in different ways

Question 39

Development

Answer 39

Age related changes in behavior and mental processing from conception to death

Question 40

Objective Performance

Answer 40

By age 2, objects exist even when they are not in sight

Question 41

Animism

Answer 41

Believing everything is alive and has feelings just like their own

Question 42

Conservation

Answer 42

Not understanding that changing the appearance of an object does not change the objects nature

Question 43

Securely atttached

Answer 43

- Content with mother in rom (will look to make sure they're still there) - When the mother leaves, the infant will get upset but okay when she returns

Question 44

Avoidant

Answer 44

- Willing to explore and does not see if their mother is still in the room - they have very little reaction to the mother, absence of her leaving or her return

Question 45

Ambivalent

Answer 45

- Clinging and unwilling to explore - upset by the stranger entering the room and with the mother even when she returns

Question 46

Each stage of Erikson's psychological development is considered?

Answer 46

An emotional crisis