Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC100 > PSYC CH.6 > Flashcards

PSYC CH.6 Flashcards

1
Q

consciousness

A

our immediate awareness of our internal and external states.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

LO.1

altered states of consciousness

A

a change in a person’s ability to be fully aware of their external surroundings and internal states.
-being awake, asleep, having a dream, drugs, anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

LO.1

states of consciousness

A

the level of awareness we have of our external surroundings and internal states.
- being fully awake or asleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LO.1

contents of consciousness

A

specific thoughts we are aware of about our internal states or external surroundings.
- being aware of ur dog or an itch you have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

LO.1

The reticular formation

A
  • brainstem=Reticular formation
  • when it is damaged you can no longer maintain a state of wakefulness
  • damage to R.F can cause coma or paralyzation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

LO.1

The Thalamus and Hypothalamus

A
  • both receive input from r.f and hindbrain
  • damage to these structures can cause lack of awareness, disturbance of wakefullness, and can enter a deep coma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

LO.1

The cerebral cortex

A
  • damage to c.c can cause blindness
  • c.c helps us be aware that we are attending to such stimuli
  • right c.c = non-verbal forms of communication
  • left c.c = verbal awareness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lo.1

what is blindsight?

A
  • Blindsight is a psychological defense mechanism, caused by a self-protective need to deny visual information that might cause fear, anxiety, or shame. Visual information from the eye is being processed unconsciously, so people with blindsight don’t know that they are visually processing.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LO.1

Development and consciousness

A
  • rouge test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

LO.2

preconsciousness

A

level of awareness in which information can become readily available to consciousness if necessary.(can also be known as automatic behaviour)
-remebering w you ate for lunch last week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LO.2

unconscious state

A

state in which information is not easily accessible to conscious awareness.
-forgetting the name of someone then randomly remembering a couple dyas later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

LO.2

Cognitive Views of the Unconscious

A
  • implicit memory
  • explicit memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

LO.2

Freud’s Views of the Unconscious

A
  • having thoughts and memories too painful or disturbing for the consciousness
  • Freudian slip - when unconscious materiall can enter cosciousness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

LO.3

adaptive theory of sleep

A

theory that organisms sleep for the purpose of self- preservation, to keep away from predators that are more active at night.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

LO.3

restorative theory of sleep

A

theory that we sleep to allow the brain and body to restore certain depleted chemical resources and eliminate chemical wastes that have accumulated during the waking day.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

LO.3

circadian rhythm

A

pattern of sleep–wake cycles that in human beings roughly corresponds to periods of daylight and night.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

LO.3

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

A

a small group of neurons in the hypothalamus responsible for coordinating the many rhythms of the body.
* having a sense of light and dark. helps w sleep-wake pattern
* invention of light bulb has negative impacts bcs it increases hours of light we are exposed to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

LO.3

hypnagogic state(pre sleep period)

A

a pre-sleep period often characterized by vivid sensory phenomena.
* hypnagogic hallucination = we might feel like we are falling, floating, hear our name, or a loud crash, but its all a hallucination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

LO.3

Stage 1

A
  • we reach stage 1 when we doze off
  • theta waves (slow waves)
  • bridge between wakefulness and sleep; it lasts only a few minutes.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

LO.3

Stage 2

A
  • breathing becomes rhthmic
  • body twitches
  • muscles relax
  • lasts around 15-20min
  • delta waves(deep sleep)
  • sleep spindles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

LO.3

sleep spindles

A

bursts of brain activity lasting a second or two; occur during Stage 2 sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

LO.3

Stage 3 and 4

A
  • deep and slow wave sleep
  • in stage 4 h.r, b.p, and breathing drops to its lowest
  • ppl are most prone to sleep walking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

LO.3

rapid eye movement sleep (REM)

A

stage of sleep associated with rapid and jagged brainwave patterns, increased heart rate, rapid breathing, rapid eye movements, and dreaming

24
Q

non-REM sleep (NREM)

A

Stages 1 through 4 of normal sleep pattern.

25
Q

Dreams

A
  • occurs mostly during rem
  • dreams can have a life-relevant meaning
26
Q

LO.3

information-processing theory

A

hypothesis that dreams are the mind’s attempt to sort out and organize the day’s experiences and to fix them in memory.
* interuppting rem can affect ur ability to remember info the next day

27
Q

LO.3

activation-synthesis model

A

thoery that dreams result from the brain’s attempt to synthesize or organize random internally-generated signals and give them meaning

28
Q

LO.3

Freudian dream thoery

A
  • dream interpretation= see insight behind meaning of dreams
  • when you are told not to think about something you will most likey think about it more
29
Q

LO.3

nightmares

A

evoke feelings of helpnessness or powerlessness, feel in danger or stress
* linked to anxiety

30
Q

LO.3

Lucid dream

A

dreams in which sleepers fully recognize that they are dreaming, and occasionally actively guide the outcome of the dream.

31
Q

LO.3

daydream

A
  • associated w waking state of consciousness
  • fantasies occur while you are awake and minful of reality
  • gives us creative opportunity
32
Q

LO.3

Sleep Pattern Changes Over Development

A
  • for the first four months of life babies sleep around 14-17 hours
  • babies get around 8 hours of rem
  • poor sleep pattern = poor health, dimentia, and depression
33
Q

LO.3

Sleep depreivation

A
  • not getting enough sleep
  • creates a more depressed state
  • creates less effective and efficient work habits
  • less sleep can be bad for immunity
34
Q

LO.3

Insomnia

A

sleep disorder characterized by a regular inability to fall asleep or stay asleep.

35
Q

LO.3 Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

sleep apnea

A

sleep disorder characterized by repeatedly ceasing to breathe during the night, depriving the brain of oxygen and leading to frequent awakenings.

36
Q

LO.3 Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence

narcolepsy

A

sleep disorder marked by uncontrollable urge to fall asleep.

37
Q

LO.3 Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence

Excessive daytime sleepiness

A

feeling drowsy or chronically tired even after a good nights sleep

38
Q

LO.3 Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders

Delayed sleep phase syndrome

A

long delay in a persons ability to fall asleep and having difficulty waking up in the morning

39
Q

LO.3 Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders

Advanced sleep phase syndrome

A

tend to sleep early in the evening around 6-9 and wake up b/w 2-5am

40
Q

LO.3 Sleep-Related Movement Disorders

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS)

A

when you get a strong urge to move your legs and may feel pins and needles making it difficult to fall asleep

41
Q

LO.3 Parasomnias

Sleepwalking (somnabulism)

A
  • takes place during first three hours of sleep
  • ppl walk around and usually return to bed
42
Q

LO.3 Parasomnias

Night terrors

A
  • suddenly, sit up in bed, scream in extreme fear and agitation, and experience heightened heart and breathing rates.
  • in a state of panic and are often incoherent.
  • Usuallydo not remember the episodes the next morning.
43
Q

LO.4

hypnosis

A

a seemingly altered state of consciousness during which individuals can be directed to act or experience the world in unusual ways.

44
Q

LO.4

Hypnotic Procedures and Effects

A
  • motor control is influenced by hypnosis
  • can experience posthypnotic amnesia
  • positive and negative hypnotic hallucinations
  • positive = people under hypnosis are guided to see objects or hear sounds that are not present.
  • negative = often used to control pain.
45
Q

LO.4

dissociation

A

a splitting of consciousness into two dimensions.

46
Q

LO.5

psychoactive drugs

A

chemicals that affect awareness, behaviour, sensation, perception, or mood.
* drugs
* coffee
* alcohol
* cigarettes

47
Q

LO.5

addiction

A

psychological or physical compulsion to take a drug, resulting from regular ingestion and leading to maladaptive patterns of behaviour and changes in physical response.

48
Q

LO.5

tolerance

A

mark of physical dependence on a drug, in which the person is required to take incrementally larger doses of the drug to achieve the same effect.

49
Q

LO.5

withdrawal symptoms

A

unpleasant and sometimes dangerous side effects of reducing intake of a drug after a person has become addicted.

50
Q

LO.5 Depressants

depressants

A

class of drugs that slow the activity of the central nervous system.

51
Q

LO.5

Stimulants

A

substances that increase the activity of the central nervous system.

52
Q

LO.5

hallucinogens

A

substances that dramatically change one’s state of awareness, causing powerful changes in sensory perception.

53
Q

LO.5

Flashbacks

A

recurrence of the sensory and emotional changes after the LSD has left the body.

54
Q

Lo.5

reward learning pathway

A

brain circuitry that is important for learning about
rewarding stimuli.

55
Q

LO.5

reward-deficiency syndrome

A

theory that people might abuse drugs because their reward centre is not readily activated by usual life events

PSYC100 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions