PSYC 3330 - 1 (intro history) Flashcards
What is memory?
an organism’s ability to store, retain, and retrieve information
Learning
any change in the potential of an organism to alter its behaviour as a consequence of experience
Acquisition
recorder of experience (wax tablet, tape recorder, video camera)
Store information
organized storage (storehouse, library, dictionary)
Associations
interconnections (switchboard, network)
Need to search
jumbled storage (purse, junk drawer, garbage can)
Fades with time
Temporal availability (conveyor belt)
Access a memory
Content addressability (lock and key, tuning fork)
Retain gist
forgetting of details (leaky bucket)
Use what is available of memory
reconstruction (rebuilding dinosaur)
Not a passive memory
active processing (workbench, computer program)
Attention
select some info for further processing, avoid distraction by other info
Plato
wax tablet metaphor (wax quality, strength of impression)
Aristotle
laws of association (similarity, contrast, contiguity)
Darwin
memory is adaptive, natural selection
Ebbinghaus
nonsense syllables, learning/forgetting curves
Bartlett
-memory is fragmentary
-meaning is critical (schemas)
-prior knowledge influences memory
Gestalt movement
-whole is different than the sum of its parts
-memory influenced by configuration and context
-anti-reductionistic