PSYC 2

Question 1

how do you make people more risk aware?

Answer 1

frame questions so that you consider losses rather than gains

Question 2

___ is more active when framing as a gain?

Answer 2

amygdala

Question 3

what is endowment effect? brain part associated

Answer 3

people demand a higher price to sell an object than that they would pay for.. right insula

Question 4

who acts like humans when calculating risk, who doesn’t

Answer 4

bonobos act like humans when evaluating risk.

chimpanzees do not.

Question 5

what is the attribution bias?

Answer 5

explain our own behavior by the situation. and others by their character (not supported)

Question 6

what is the other delusional theory? (2 systems)

Answer 6

system 1) intuitive

• non conscious,
• parallel processing
• independent of intelligence and attention

System 2) rational
-works at a conscious, explicit level

- uses sequential processing
- depends on intelligence and attention

Question 7

what neural mechanisms are at work when there is no delay between decision and reward?

Answer 7

medial regions

- left posterior hippocampus
- medial orbitofrontal cortex
- ventral striatum

Question 8

what parts of the brain are active for all choices regardless of delay?

Answer 8

lateral regions
-dorsolateral prefontal cortex

-intraparietal cortex

Question 9

when lateral regions are active we get what type of thinking?

Answer 9

H. economicus

Question 10

when medial regions are involved we get what type of thinking?

Answer 10

H sapiens

Question 11

what part of the brain is important for suppressing irrational decisions?

Answer 11

lateral prefrontal cortex

Question 12

what areas of the brain are involved with risk taking?

Answer 12

• ventral striatum

- ventromedial prefontal cortex

Question 13

what are risk aversion areas of the brain

Answer 13

anterior insula

Question 14

patients with dmg to their _____ or ____ are more likely to gamble

Answer 14

ventromedial prefontal cortex

anterior insula

Question 15

what individuals are less susceptible to framing?

Answer 15

more activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex

and orbitofrontal cortex

Question 16

what is the orbitofrontal cortex’s main role

Answer 16

decides how important a stimulas is at a given moment

Question 17

what is the most important NT for reward value?

Answer 17

Dopamine

Question 18

what does activity in the medial frontopolar cortex represent?

Answer 18

reflection on long term goals

Question 19

when people try to do the greatest good, what areas are more lit up?

Answer 19

lateral areas

Question 20

as moral challenges get harder what is lit up more

Answer 20

frontopolar cortex

Question 21

how does dextroamphetamine help

Answer 21

dextroamphetamine subjects made fewer go/no-go mistakes and less impulsive choices on delay discounting