PSYC 2 Flashcards
how do you make people more risk aware?
frame questions so that you consider losses rather than gains
___ is more active when framing as a gain?
amygdala
what is endowment effect? brain part associated
people demand a higher price to sell an object than that they would pay for.. right insula
who acts like humans when calculating risk, who doesn’t
bonobos act like humans when evaluating risk.
chimpanzees do not.
what is the attribution bias?
explain our own behavior by the situation. and others by their character (not supported)
what is the other delusional theory? (2 systems)
system 1) intuitive
- non conscious,
- parallel processing
- independent of intelligence and attention
System 2) rational
-works at a conscious, explicit level
- uses sequential processing - depends on intelligence and attention
what neural mechanisms are at work when there is no delay between decision and reward?
medial regions
- left posterior hippocampus - medial orbitofrontal cortex - ventral striatum
what parts of the brain are active for all choices regardless of delay?
lateral regions
-dorsolateral prefontal cortex
-intraparietal cortex
when lateral regions are active we get what type of thinking?
H. economicus
when medial regions are involved we get what type of thinking?
H sapiens
what part of the brain is important for suppressing irrational decisions?
lateral prefrontal cortex
what areas of the brain are involved with risk taking?
- ventral striatum
- ventromedial prefontal cortex
what are risk aversion areas of the brain
anterior insula
patients with dmg to their _____ or ____ are more likely to gamble
ventromedial prefontal cortex
anterior insula
what individuals are less susceptible to framing?
more activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex
and orbitofrontal cortex
what is the orbitofrontal cortex’s main role
decides how important a stimulas is at a given moment
what is the most important NT for reward value?
Dopamine
what does activity in the medial frontopolar cortex represent?
reflection on long term goals
when people try to do the greatest good, what areas are more lit up?
lateral areas
as moral challenges get harder what is lit up more
frontopolar cortex
how does dextroamphetamine help
dextroamphetamine subjects made fewer go/no-go mistakes and less impulsive choices on delay discounting
