PSYC 10

Question 1

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.

Answer 1

Motivation

Question 2

A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Answer 2

Instinct

Question 3

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Answer 3

Drive-Reduction Theory

Question 4

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.

Answer 4

Homeostasis

Question 5

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Answer 5

Incentive

Question 6

The principle that performance increases with arousal only up to a point, beyond which performance decreases.

Answer 6

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Question 7

Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.

Answer 7

Hierarchy of Needs

Question 8

A desire for significant accomplishment, for mastery of skills or ideas, for control, and for attaining a high standard.

Answer 8

Achievement Motivation

Question 9

The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.

Answer 9

Glucose

Question 10

The point at which your “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. When your body falls below this weight, increased hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may combine to restore the lost weight.

Answer 10

Set Point

Question 11

The body’s resting rate of energy expenditure.

Answer 11

Basal Metabolic Rate

Question 12

A response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.

Answer 12

Emotion

Question 13

The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli.

Answer 13

James-Lange Theory

Question 14

The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.

Answer 14

Cannon-Bard Theory

Question 15

The Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.

Answer 15

Two-Factor Theory

Question 16

A machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes) accompanying emotion.

Answer 16

Polygraph

Question 17

The tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings, such as fear, anger, or happiness.

Answer 17

Facial Feedback Effect