PSY280 - 11. Multisensory Processing Flashcards

Question

the rules

Answer 1

• the spatial rule • the temporal rule • suppressive interactions • modality appropriateness • inverse effectiveness max when individual inputs are weakest

Answer 2

senses combined at early stage of processing top down understanding can’t overpower this bottom up perception can’t override it - bottom up

Answer 3

is incredibly multisensory second language over the phone is hard, no visual cues Silent lip-reading activates the primary auditory cortex. despite lack of auditory stimulus

Answer 4

Multisensory integration will be greatest when vision and audition are equally weighted for speech recognition. when noise absent, auditory is used when noise present, visual cue use is high speech perception relies on both modalities at mid range multisensory integration greatest at x point

Answer 5

benefit for inverse effectiveness increases ability to detect stimuli - all about preparing to act on unexpected higher level semantic

Answer 6

auditory only - static mouth audiovisual - lip movement both at 50 dB, varying noise in environment addition of coarticulation in visual modality significantly improves performance

Answer 7

% diff performance greatest benefit to performance is at midlevel of noise enough of auditory present and helpful for filling in the gaps

Answer 8

``` Maximal enhancement of auditory signals by a visual signal is at intermediate levels. ```

Answer 9

just basic detection bottom up - inverse effectiveness is at work engaging in recognition - inverse effectiveness might not be the rule it’s the mid range that gains most benefit McGurk effect is about meaningless stimuli should still see inverse effectiveness for McGurk effect - when signals are more degraded

Answer 10

Top-down processing occurs any time a past experience or prior knowledge influences your interpretation of lower level sensory data what you know does dictate what you experience and also past experience

Answer 11

``` strong beats - louder, longer metrical structure - what we move to, derived from strong beats what we hear influences how we move ambiguous structure - no strong beats Metrical structure is derived from strong beats of a rhythm pattern. ```

Answer 12

heard unaccented music and experience of bouncing from mom gave infants head turning paradigm a week later - prefer duple or truple they picked what they experienced - listened more of the time to the beat that matched their proprioceptive experience a week earlier bounce to duple, preferred duple/bounce to truple, preferred truple

Answer 13

Humans possess an excellent ability to detect & discriminate odors & flavors… but they are hard to verbalize. train themselves to link smell and taste to descriptors Humans possess an excellent ability to detect & discriminate odors & flavors... but they are hard to verbalize

Answer 14

used white wine descriptors when they thought they tasted white wine used red wine descriptors when they thought they tasted red wine change experience by adding another modality could be response bias

Answer 15

colour is just altering report, but not experience unsure what they taste, defer to vision not really about crossmodal

Answer 16

``` either with or without visual cues baseline: no vision, no odour visual: vision, no odour odour: just odour OVc: smell matches visual OVi: smell doesn’t match visual most likely to say yes in vision when unsure ```

Answer 17

vision more accurate than odour only accuracy for vision is same as baseline so no bias better odour if OVc, worse if OVi

Answer 18

``` conscious experience of semantically congruent visual stimuli can facilitate odor detection top down because congruency matters based on semantic knowledge ```

Answer 19

There are common associations that people have between odors & colors. IAT minimize response bias - force them to respond faster implicit association test asks participants to categorize two kinds of stimuli using the same buttons. more accurate and faster if compatible

Answer 20

strawberry vs mint in odour condition pink or green in colour condition when buttons matched - compatible - faster and more accurate ppl are rapidly accessing colour-odour associations, not about response bias, actually robust automated impact on our perceptual experience, not just our response

Answer 21

Distance is judged further when you’re carrying something heavy expectation set up by heavy backpack impacts visual perception

Answer 22

``` Eating potato chips with an altered timbre changes the perception of freshness. gustatory hedonics chips tasted more stale when it didn’t sound crunchy ```

Answer 23

Popcorn tastes saltier in a blue bowl compared to a white bowl. blue produces expectation of saltiness

Answer 24

``` Yogurt served in a heavy bowl was rated as more intensely flavored, denser, more expensive and was liked more. ```

Answer 25

Researchers have found anatomical pathways between V1 & A1. integrated everywhere superior colliculus first subcortical area most are the primary sensory cortices - influenced by opposite input

Answer 26

``` contains object representations that are independent of modality increases in infero activation ```

Answer 27

hosts a convergence of multiple modality inputs. representing space in multiple senses due to spatial rule making sure that spatial rule is true

Answer 28

involved in multisensory pain perception. looking at pictures, distract looking at wound + listening to crying - more painful

Answer 29

multisensory integration set to blur things film tracks have to be out by a lot for you to notice multisensory integration set to blur things film tracks have to be out by a lot for you to notice scary movies are scarier with the sound on

Answer 30

Eating is a multisensory experience on so many levels first you eat with your eyes eating is multisensory in terms of plates based on expectation if they can see it affects aroma, intensity