PSY1020 - Chap 10 Motivation and Emotion

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

The driving force behind behaviour that leads us to pursue some things and avaoid others.

Question 2

Eating:

Metaabolism

Homoeostasis

Answer 2

Metabolism: Is the process by which the body transforms food into energy.

Homoeostasis: the body’d tendancy to maintain a relativley constant state that permits cells to live and function.

Feeling of hunger derive from falling levels of glucose and lipids in the bloodstream, which are detected by receptors in the liver and brainstem.

Question 3

Eating:

Satiety

Obesity

Answer 3

Satiety: occurs through a number of mechanisms, including tastes and smells, but primarliy through detection of nutrients in the stomach and intestines.

Obesity: involves havinga body weight more than 15 percent above the ideal for a persons height and age.

Question 4

Sexual Motivation:

Sexual Response Cycle

Answer 4

Sexual Response Cycle: the pattern of physiological changes that takes place in women and men during sex.

Question 5

Perspectives on Motivation:

Psychodynamic

Answer 5

Destinguishes between conscious (explicit) and unconscious (implicit) motives.

Question 6

Perspectives on Motivation:

Behaviourist

Answer 6

Asserts that humans are motiviated to repeat behaviours that lead to reinforcement and to avoid behaviours associated with punishment.

Question 7

Perspectives on Motivation:

Cognitive

Answer 7

Asserts that people are motivated to perform behaviours that they value and that they believe they can attain,

Question 8

Perspectives on Motivation:

Humanistic

Answer 8

Asserts a theory of self actualisation. The drive to be the best possible version of ones self.

Question 9

Perspectives on Motivation:

Evolutionary

Answer 9

Asserts that evolution selects animals that maximise their inclusive fitness.

Question 10

Psychosocial Motives:

Relatedness Needs

Agency Needs

Need for Achievement

Answer 10

Relatedness Needs: motives for connectedness with others, such as attachment, intimacy and affiliation.

Agency Needs: include motives for achievement, autonomy, mastery, power and other self-orientated goals.

Need for Achievement: the need to succeed and to avoid failure.

Question 11

Emotion

Answer 11

An evaluative response that typically includes physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural or emotional expression.

Subjective Experience: refers to what the emotion feels like to the individual.

Question 12

Emotion:

James Lang Theory

Answer 12

Asserts that emotions originate in peripheral nervous system responses, which the central nervous system then interprets.

Question 13

Emotion:

Cannon-Bard Theory

Answer 13

Argues that emotion-inducing stimuli sinultaneously elicit both an emotional experience and bodily responses.

Question 14

Emotion:

Emotional Expression

Answer 14

Refers to the overt behavioural signs of emotion.

Question 15

Emotion:

Basic Emotions

Answer 15

Basic emotions such as anger, fear, happiness, sadness and disgust, are common to the human species and include characteristic physiological, subjective and expressive components.

Question 16

Emotion:

Emotion Regulation

Answer 16

Refers tot eh efforts to control emotional states.

Question 17

Perspectives on Emotion:

Cognitive Perspective

Answer 17

Cognitive Perspective such as Schachter-Singer theory, asserts that emotion occurs as people interpret their physiological arousal.

Question 18

Perspectives on Emotion:

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 18

Asserts that emotion serves an important role in communication between members of a species, and can be a powerful source of motivation.