PSY1004 WEEK 2 Flashcards
Explain what a schema is Describe examples of how schemas are developed Describe Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development in detail Evaluate Piaget’s work, considering both its influence and limitations
define schema in developmental psychology
mental representations/sets of rules enabling children to interact with world through defining particular categories of behaviour (basic understanding unit)
how does Piaget believe schema is modified
organisation (group observations form coherent knowledge- initially young infants have separate looking, sucking and grasping schemas but over time they integrate to become complex multisensory cognitive systems)
and
adaption (assimilation/accomodation)
define assimilation
integration of new info into existing schema, leading to consolidation of knowledge eg: a banana is yellow
define accomodation
adjustment of schemas to new info, leading to growing and changing knowledge to avoid disequilibrium (having to change schema info) eg: santa isn’t real
define disequilibrium
lack of balance, promotes accomodation, occurs when new info leads children to realise their current understanding is inadequate
how do schemas develop
through experience, with action-based schema developing via environmental interaction and mental schema developing as child age
how can children progress through stages
organise schemas with increasing proficiency, motivated to do it through wanting to adapt in order to explore environments
what is the importance of Piaget stage theory in real world
led to developmental psych being established sub-discipline, ‘child-centered’ approach in education and teaching guidelines and advice
what is a child-centered education approach
children are active in own learning, and teacher’s must account for children’s distinctive ways of thinking through age, focus on play
what is a constructivist view of education
active learners construct knowledge through interacting with environment
what is an organismic world view of education
continual active interaction with environment shapes own development
briefly explain the sensorimotor stage of child development
explorative, reduction in dependence on physical object presence due to mental representation development
develop object permanence, self-awareness an recognition (distinct from environment)
toward end of stage learn language and reasoning ability
deferred imitation (repeating others behaviour post occurrance suggesting formation of schema which allow recall)
what is the rouge test
done in sensorimotor stage around 18months, children either show self-awareness or do not recognise self
briefly state 6 substages of the sensorimotor stage
- reflexive schema substage (0-1month)
- primary circular reactions substage (1-4month)
- secondary circular reactions substage (4-10month)
- coordination of secondary schemas substage (10-12month)
- tertiary circular reactions substage (12-18month)
- beginning of though substage (18-24month)
