psy 3090 exam #3 Flashcards
what is physical abuse? and who is it illegal to use it against?
Any violence against a adult constitutes assault
illegal to use minor violence with a child
what age period do women suffer the most from abuse by their partner
18-24
what is the leading cause to of injury to women?
domestic violence
the difference in INTENT with women vs men
women hit in form of self defense while men hit offensively
how many stages are in a domestic cycle and what are they?
three stages
1. the build up phase or tension building
2. the acute battering incident
3. the respite or honeymoon phase
what is the build up phase/tension building?
- lasts for several hours to days or weeks
-the abuser uses threats, name calling and other scare tactics
what is the the acute battering incident?
-lasts for several minutes to days or weeks
-This is when all HELL breaks loose
-He becomes violent, may rape her or even kill her
-Take away her phone and not let her leave
what is the respite or honeymoon phase?
-lasts for several days or weeks
-He is apologetic and begs for forgiveness
-He showers her with gifts; jewelry, flowers, a cruise
female makes what percentage of rape or sexual assault and what ages are women most likely to get raped?
91%
16-19
what females are most likely to be raped?
Female college students ages 18-24 are three times more likely to experience rape
what percentage of females victims report being raped by an intimate partner?
51%
what percentage are raped by acquaintance?
43%
what percentage are raped by strangers?
48%
what was reported in 2014 in regards to military data?
20,300 members of the military who were assaulted
how many theories as to why men rape are there and what are they called?
7 theories
1. Evolutionary Theory:
2. Sexual Deprivation Theory:
3. Testosterone Theory
4. Control Theory
5. Gender Based Hate Crime Theory
6. Developmental Theory
7. Social Identity Theory
what is evolutionary theory?
Rapes are perpetrated by the fact that men want to spread their sperm
That man are the head of the household and can do whatever they want
what is Sexual Deprivation Theory?
From the 1960’s-70’s, rape was thought of as fulfilling a biological need due to sexual deprivation.
A man who did not have access to a female partner was sexually deprived and in need of sex.
what is Testosterone Theory?
Rape is due to high levels of testosterone.
Research has debunked this premise.
Both rapists and non-rapists often have the same levels of testosterone.
what is Control Theory?
Susan Brown Miller said “Rape is nothing more than a concious process of intimidation by which men keep women in a state of fear.”
The motive of rape was not sex but CONTROL and POWER
what is Gender Based Hate Crime Theory?
This theory postulates that men rape due to the hatred they have for women.
Rape is seen as an expression of their anger and loathing for women.
what is Developmental Theory?
Malamuth et al. (1998) say that rape proneness of among men is caused by developmental events involving learning.
Rape prone men come from harsh developmental backgrounds
Child abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect
Relationships with caregivers are also impersonal (has caregiver but simply does not care) and short-term (in n out of the relationship)
what is social Identity Theory?
Adolescents adopt the norms that are central to the social identity of the peer group to remain in good standing
Adolescents influenced by the ideology and norms of their in groups (friends) -such as being homophobic, discrimination, sexist
what are the 5 personality characteristics of a rapist?
- They have less empathy for others.
- They are self-centered and narcissistic
- They are manipulative
- They have a negative attitude towards women
- They justify their crimes
what do rapists say about rape? (Scully 1990)
Lie about the details of the rape
Describe it as being less violent than it actually ia
Represent rape as being normal
Explain that rape is a rewarding low-risk act