PSY 3090: Ch. 1 & 2 Flashcards
what did the 2016 study find?
found 1,024 mammal species and 600 human popuations from 50,000 years ago
violence- what defines us?
Jose Maria Gomez says violence defines us
violence- who practices lethal violence besides humans?
40% mammals practice lethal violence
Jose Gomez traced violence back to the first which hominids?
Cromagnons- 150,000 years ago
what are the 4 types of humans from the study?
Bands
Tribes
Chiefdoms
State
who hunted, gathered and stayed in one place and moved?
bands and tribes
who were agriculturists and moved and stayed in one place?
chiefdoms and states
how is violence within mammals in high population density?
the most violent
our most violent historical periods correspond to times with?
low population density
what are the eras of violence?
Roman ages, middle ages, and dark ages
when did violence start slowing down?
during the 1400’s, at the end of the Middle ages
in what arena were the most deaths/violence
the colosseum
what are the four types of aggression?
interpersonal, instrumental, hostile, & impulsive/stimulus seeking
whats interpersonal violence and examples
an individual or a group of individuals wanting to use physical force
ex: Homicides
Mass shootings
Suicide which is aggression against oneself
Political violence
the definition of violence
aggressive behavior with the intent to cause harm physically or psychologically
what is instrumental violence and ex?
is aggression that has as its purpose the achievement of a separate goal
ex: stealing food and money
-both humans and animals engage in this type of violence
what is hostile aggression and ex?
aggression performed for the purpose of harming the victim physically or psychologically
ex: Only humans engage in this type of aggression
what is impulsive/stimulus seeking and ex?
aggression that is performed impulsively and/or is done to increase sensory stimulation (to get adrenaline)
-offenders crave dangerous and risky situations due to chronic nervous system under-arousal.
-Many offenders commit violent crimes under the influences of substances
define family violence and where is it most common?
hostile aggression between people who are intimately involved, usually in poor neighborhoos
what is considered family violence
child abuse
incest
martial rape
elder abuse
what are the costs of violence? prison wise?
Medical expenses to victims
Lost productivity due to injuries
Expenditures for mental health services
-Today, the yearly cost - $31,00 per inmate
what is NCVS? and what do they focus on? (SG)
the national crime victimization survey that focuses on victims money loss which found $17.6 billion in 1992.
what are the causes for instrumental violence?
gain
-money and property
-revenge
-power and control
what are the causes for hostile violence?
motives
-anger and frustration
-emotional pain bc of child neglect/abuse
-thrill seeking