Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Psoriasis > Flashcards

Psoriasis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

A common papulo-squamous disorder affecting 2% of the population and is characterized by well-demarcated, red scaly plaques. The skin becomes inflamed and hyperproliferates at about ten times the normal rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What immune cell is implicated in psoriasis?

A

T-lymphocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are thought to be trigger factors for the development of psoriasis?

A
  • Infections
  • Drugs
  • Trauma
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol
  • UV light
  • Genotype
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are pathological features of psoriasis?

A
  • Increased skin turnover
    • Epidermal acanthosis
    • Epidermal parakeratosis
  • Absent granular layer
  • Polymorphonuclear abscesses in upper dermis
  • Capillary dilatatio in dermis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most important cytokine implicated in someone with psoriasis?

A

TNF-alpha - bases of some therapeutic interventions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What proportion of those with psoriasis have family members with the disease?

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What drugs can trigger psoriasis?

A
  • Lithium
  • NSAIDs
  • B-blockers
  • Antimalarials
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are typical features of psoriatic plaques?

A
  • Symmetrical, well defined, with silvery scales
  • Found on extensors surfaces
  • Flexures can be affected, but plaques are less scaley
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are signs of psoriasis?

A
  • Symmetrical, sclaey plaques on flexures
  • Specific types of psoriasis - guttate, pustular, generalised
  • Nail changes
  • Arthritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the comonest type of psoriasis?

A

Chronic plaque psoriasis - pinkish red sclay plaques, especially on extensor surfaces such as knees and elbows. Can be present on lower back, ears and scalp as well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In chronic plaque psoriasis, what is the term used to describe new pllaques which have formed at sites of trauma?

A

Kobner phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are features of flexural psoriasis?

A

Well-demarcated, red glazed plaques confined to flexures such as the groin, natal cleft and sub mammary area. These are rarely scaly lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are features of guttate psoriasis?

A

‘Raindrop-like’ psoriasis is a variant most commonly seen in children and young adults. An explosive eruption of very small circular or oval plaques appears over the trunk about 2 weeks after a streptococcal sore throat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is guttate psoriasis most commonly found?

A

Over the trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can cause guttate psoriasis?

A

Strep throat infection - occurs approximately 2 weeks post infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are features of erythrodermic psoriasis?

A

Usually occurs in the setting of known worsening or unstable psoriasis but may uncommonly be the first presentation of psoriasis - Acute onset of erythroderma and pustular plaques

17
Q

Is erythrodermic psoriasis an emergency?

A

Yes

18
Q

What systemic features can appear in erythrodermic psoriasis?

A
  • Malaise
  • Pyrexia
  • Circulatory disturbance
19
Q

What are the main types of psoriasis?

A
  • Chronic plaque psoriasis - extensors
  • Flexure psoriasis
  • Guttate psoriasis
  • Palmo-plantar psoriasis
  • Erythrodermic psoriasis
20
Q

What are features of palmo-plantar psoriasis?

A

Plaques: Yellow-brown pustules on palms and soles

21
Q

What are nail changes seen in psoriasis?

A
  1. Pitting of the nail plate
  2. Distal separation of the nail plate (onycholysis)
  3. Yellow-brown discoloration
  4. Subungual hyperkeratosis
  5. Damaged nail matrix and lost nail plate - Rare
22
Q

What proportion of those with psoriasis develop a seronegative arthritis?

A

5-10%

23
Q

What would your differential diagnosis be for a suspected psoriatic plaque?

A
  • Dermatitis/eczema: discoid or seborrhoeic
  • Lichen planus
  • Pityriasis rosea [esp. guttate psoriasis]
  • 2o stage of syphilis
  • Reiter’s syndrome [Esp. palmoplanar psoriasis]
  • Discoid lupus
24
Q

What are the general principles to managent of someone with psoriasis?

A
  • Education
  • Remove triggers
  • Topical therapies
  • Systemic therapies
25
Q

What topical therapies might you use in someone with psoriasis?

A

CREVAS CKD

  • Coal tar preparations - Inhibit DNA synthesis
  • Retinoids - Tazarotene
  • Emollients
  • Vit. D analogues (Calcipotriol, tacalcitol and calcitriol) - decrease cell proliferation
  • Anthralin - ↓ cell proliferation
  • Salicylic acid
  • Corticosteroids
  • Keratolytics
  • Dithranol
26
Q

What systemic therapies might you use for someone with psoriasis?

A
  • Immunosuppressants - Methotrexate, ciclosporin, azathioprine, and hydroxyurea
  • Retinoids - Acitretin
  • Photochemotherpy
    • UVB for classic/plaque and guttate types
    • PUVA [psoralen] for palmoplanar type
27
Q

What is the goeckerman regimen?

A

Treatment of tar and UVB light

28
Q

How would you treat erythrodermic psoriasis?

A

Methotrexate

29
Q

How would you treat guttate psoriasis?

A

Topical therapies and/or UVB

30
Q

How would you treat palmo-plantar psoriasis?

A
  • Potent topical steroids
  • Coal tar paste
  • Local hand and foot PUVA
31
Q

How would you manage someone with flexural psoriasis?

A
  • Mild steroid and/or tar topical creams
  • Calcitriol and 0.1% tacrolimus ointment
32
Q

What does the ingram regimen consist of?

A

Dithranol and UVB

33
Q

What can be used in those with severe psoriatic disease?

A

Cytokine modulators - Anti-TNFalpha

34
Q

What age group does guttate psoriasis most commonly occur in?

A

Children/teenagers

35
Q

What is PUVA?

A

PUVA is a combination treatment which consists of Psoralens (P) and then exposing the skin to UVA (long wave ultraviolet radiation).

Dermatology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions