Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Facial Rashes > Flashcards

Facial Rashes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What are causes of facial rashes?

A
  • Acne vulgaris
  • Rosacea
  • Seborrhoeic eczema
  • Atopic eczema
  • Contact eczema
  • Dermatomyositis
  • Perioral dermatitis
  • Photosensitivity
  • Sarcoidosis
  • SLE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is acne vulgaris?

A

Characterised by pilosebaceous units that are blocked by dark plugs of keratin, called comedones or blackheads. These blocked follicles become infected and swell up to form the characteristic pustules which may discharge on to the skin surface or rupture into the dermis, with resultant scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is acne vulgaris a disorder of?

A

Pilosebaceous follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris?

A

Development is dependent on circulating testosterone which is converted to the active hormone by enzymes contained in the pilosebaceous system itself.

Processes involved include increased sebum production, obstruction of outflow, leakage into surrounding dermis, and excessive colonisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organism is often implicated in acne?

A

Proprionibacterium acnes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are features of acne vulgaris?

A
  • Three cardinal features:
    • Open comedones (blackheads) or closed comedones (whiteheads)
    • Inflammatory papules
    • Pustules
  • Seborrhoea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the main clinical variants of acne?

A
  • Infantile acne
  • Steroid acne - 2o to steroid use
  • Oil acne - industrial disease
  • Acne Fulminans - necrotic, crusted acne
  • Acne conglobata
  • Acne excoriee
  • Follicular occlusion triad
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If you saw someone with acne looking lesions, what would your differential diagnosis be?

A
  • Acne vulgaris
  • Acne rosacea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the “5 pillars of acne”?

A
  1. Basal keratinocyte proliferation in pilosebasceous follicles
  2. Increased sebum production
  3. Propionibacterium acne colonisation
  4. Inflammation
  5. Comodones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you manage mild acne vulgaris?

A

Topical agents - benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How would you manage moderate acne vulgaris?

A

Antibiotic with topical treatment - e.g. doxycycline/minocycline + benzoyl peroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How would you manage severe acne vulgaris?

A

Oral retinoid drug (isotretinoin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If you put someone on oral retinoids, what would you need to monitor?

A
  • Triglycerides
  • AST/ALT
  • Cholesterol
  • FBC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are side effects to isotretinoin?

A
  • Teratogenic
  • Dry skin
  • Deprssion
  • Myalgia
  • Headache
  • Hepatitis
  • Increased lipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do retinoid drugs work?

A

Synthetic vitamin A analogues that affect cell growth and differentiation. They are very teratogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is mandatory in females of child-bearing age who are being started on oral retinoid drugs?

A

. A pregnancy test, contraceptive advice and signed consent

17
Q

How long after therapy should women avoid pregnancy when they have been treated with isoretinoin?

A

1 month

18
Q

What is acne rosacea?

A

A chronic relapsing/remitting disorder of blood vessels and pilosebaceous units in central facial areas typically in fair-skinned people

19
Q

What is the cause of rosacea?

A

Unknown

20
Q

What is the most common age of onset of rosacea?

A

Middle age

21
Q

Who does rosacea most commonly affect?

A

Women

22
Q

What skin mite has been implicated in the development of acne rosacea?

A

Demodex

23
Q

What are the features of acne rosacea?

A

Affecting nost, forhead and cheeks

  • Facial flushing/erythema
  • Inflammatory papules
  • Pustules (without comodones)
  • Telangiectasia
  • Blepharitis
  • Keratitis
  • Sebaceous gland hypertrophy
24
Q

What things can exacerbate/trigger flushing attacks in rosacea?

A
  • Stress/blushing
  • Alcohol
  • Spices
  • Hot drinks
  • Prolonged topical Steroids
25
Q

How would you manage someone with acne rosacea?

A
  • Soap substitutes
  • Avoid sun exposure/use sun-block
  • Mild disease - Topical metranidazole/15% azelaic acid
  • Moderate/severe disease - Oral tetracycline
26
Q

How would you manage ocular rosacea?

A
  • Eyelid hygeine
  • Ocular lubricants
  • Consider cyclosporin

Dermatology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions