Pseudorabies and PMWS in Swine Flashcards
What is another name of Pseudorabies?
Aujeszky’s Disease
What family is Pseudorabies in?
Herpesviridae (DNA, enveloped)
In what disease in the Herpesvirus family do you not always see intranuclear inclusion bodies?
Pseudorabies
What disease in the herpesvirus family is capable of jumping species (not humans)?
Pseudorabies
Pseudorabies is eradicated in the US swine production, but why should we still be concerned about it?
Pseudorabies is endemic in wild swine populations in the southern US (chances of spread low, but backyard pigs could get it, need close interaction as it is herpes)
In naive populations of swine, does Pseudorabies cause abortion?
Yes, up to 50% of sows will abort
Outcome of pregnancy determines fate (mummified, macerated, stillborn, weak or normal depending on if it crossed the placenta/which area)
Which disease can prolong pregnancy in sows? Why would this happen? (Disease and virus family)
Pseudorabies (herpesvirus)
No fetal cortisol, or not enough fetal cortisol due to the amount of viable babies left (small liter from abortion, or mummified ones present)
How does Pseudorabies effect piglets? (2 scenarios)
Non-immune sows – mortality 100% in piglets
Immune sows – maternal Ab protective, less severe disease in piglets with recovery
How does Pseudorabies effect weaned, growing and mature swine? (3 phases)
1) Sneezing, coughing, constipation, vomiting
2) Incoordination, muscle spasms, excess salivation etc.
3) Moribund, mature swine have a low mortality with significant weight loss and poor growth rates
How do secondary hosts (not pigs) get infected with Pseuodrabies?
Direct or indirect contact with swine
What is the major sign of Pseudorabies in cattle?
Pruritis “mad itch”
Some cows have progressive CNS involvement with death in hours to weeks
What are the clinical signs of Pseudorabies in dogs?
frenzy, pruritus, paralysis of jaw, drooling, howling NO tendency to attack
What are the clinical signs of Pseudorabies in cats?
Death
Is there viremia in Pseudorabies?
No (but infected ones are chronic shedders as it is a rabies virus)
How does Pseudorabies virus reach the cranial nerve ganglia?
Travelling the axoplasm
Where will you find gross lesions with Pseudorabies?
Occasional necrotic foci in the liver and spleen
Where can microscopic lesions be found in swine with Pseudorabies?
CNS
What is the standard test used to diagnose Pseudorabies?
Antibody ELISA
How would you test a piglet fetus to see if it had Pseudorabies?
IF, virus isolation, and serum neutralization (detect antigen)
What secretions are Pseudorabies shed in?
Saliva and nasal discharge
What virus is possibly transmitted by rats and raccoons?
Pseudorabies
Is there a vaccine for Pseudorabies?
Yes, used in endemic areas and around areas of outbreak
If you have an outbreak of Pseudorabies at a farm, would you vaccinated your cat and dog?
Yes, or strict separation from pigs
What virus family causes Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS)?
Circoviridae (DNA, naked)
What are the other three forms of disease seen with PMWS?
1) Repro failure
2) Respiratory disease in finishing pigs
3) Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (immunopathology, affects a few animals in a herd only)
How is PMWS shed?
Feces
What age group of piglets is protected via maternal Ab from PMWS?
6-9 weeks, then viral spread
Why do you not test for PMWS with serology?
Circovirus is often in pig herds, but they may not be ill unless there are other stressors or viruses
You arrive at a farm where several pigs are infected with Cirvovirus (PMWS), what would you recommend to the farmer?
Do NOT cull the entire herd
Early segregation and euthanasia of affected pigs
Vaccines
