Pseudomonas And CF- Lecture 10/28/21

Question 1

Brochiectasis

Answer 1

Bronchodilation brought about by the formation of mucoid by pseudomonas

Question 2

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa characcteristics

Answer 2

Gram negative, highly motile, rod shaped bacterium

Question 3

Space between LPS and inner membrane

Answer 3

Periplasmic space, contains hydrologic enzymes, chemoreceptors and transport proteins

Question 4

Endotoxin

Answer 4

LPS produces strong innate response cytokine storm, and strong adaptive response

Question 5

Adhesins

Answer 5

Found on microbial cell surface to bind to sugars and proteins on cell surface, can be extremely specific

Question 6

Pili (Fimbriae)

Answer 6

Extend out, can attach to cell surface and pull towards

Question 7

Flagella of pseudomonas

Answer 7

Single polar flagellum and motor determines mechanism of movement (tumbling or straight)

Question 8

Chemotaxis

Answer 8

Movement towards food or away from poisons

Question 9

Two component regulation

Answer 9

Histidine kinase has periplasmic and cytoplasmic domains, autophosphorylates in presence of signal, phosphorylated response regulator which changes flagella motion

Question 10

Capsule

Answer 10

Loose network of polymers surrounding cells, created by alginate in pseudomonas

Question 11

Alginate

Answer 11

Capsular polysaccharide in pseudomonas

Question 12

Role of capsule (4)

Answer 12

• Resists drying
• Promotes adherence
• Protects against phagocytosis
• Protects against some environmental stress

Question 13

AlgU

Answer 13

Sigma factor that promotes the transcription of alginate genes

Question 14

MucA

Answer 14

Anti sigma factor that sequesters AlgU, degraded by proteases in the periplasm, freeing AlgU

Question 15

MucA in CF patients

Answer 15

Mutated so that AlgU is always free, resulting in thick mucoid production

Question 16

Biofilm

Answer 16

Survival factor by bacteria, forms a pod on epithelial cell surface, hard for abx to reach

Question 17

Autoinducer

Answer 17

Signals to the cells in biofilm how many other cells there are, when to break free and form a new one