Pseudomonas Flashcards
Examples of Non fermenters gram negative bacteria?
Pseudomonas,
acinetobacter,
Bulkhoderia
Format for answering Pseudomonas essay?
Introduction,
Epidemiology
Classification,
Pathogenesis,
Clinical manifestations
Laboratory findings,
Treatment,drug resistance if any.
What is the habit of pseudomonas
They’re saprophytes, found in the soil, water, moist environment.
The most common specie is?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which specie is seen in blood transfusion cases?
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Where are the common surrounding areas colonized by pseudomonas?
Hospitals,
Domestic sinks,
Taps,
Traps,
Drains
Mention the human area’s that are predisposed to colonization
PEETA
Moist areas;
Perineum,
Toes,
Fingers,
Ear,
Eyes
Axilla
Which gram negative bacteria causes “toe web rot in soldiers stationed in swampy areas?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the common ear disease that affects divers who came in contact with an infected pool?
Otitis externa
The broad range of conditions caused by pseudomonas is due to what?
The fact that it’s both invasive and toxigenic
Pseudomonas has low intrinsic virulence in man and animal, T or F?
True
What condition is pseudomonas likely to cause an infection?
When the host defence are compromised.
or when the skin/mucous layer is breached.
E.g burns, ICU patients, Neutropenic PTS, PTS with indwelling devices like catheter
Which culture medium gives a large opaque irregular colonies with metallic sheen?
Nutrient agar
Which media facilities pigment production?
King’s media
Which media is a selective media
Cetrimide agar
What is the feature of pseudomonas in blood agar?
Mild Beta hemolysis
List the Nosocomial infections associated with pseudomonas
Ventilated association pneumonia.
Chronic respiratory infxn in cystic fibrosis.
Ecthyma gangrenosum as a result of bacteriemia.
Joint and bone infxn (osteomyelitis, meningitis).
Urinary tract infections in case of catheter use.
Shanghai fever (mild fever that resembles typhoid)
Eye infections as a result of contact lenses (Endolpthamitis, keratitis,cornea ulcers)
Example of community acquired disease;
Swimmers ear(otitis externa).
Malignant otitis externa in diabetics.
Folliculitis and varicose from jacuzzis
Which virulence factors are associated with attachment and colonization stage;
Fimbriae, flagellum, pili
Alginate coat
How does type IV pili aid in attachment
They associated with the glycosylated region of glycosphingolipid,GM1 and GM2 of epithelial cells
What are the virulence factors that aid local invasion?
diffusible toxins
Non-diffusable toxins.
LPS, pycocyanin, pyoverdin, capsular polysaccharide that promote evasion of host defence.
Wide temperature range (4-45°c) enables it to survive under various temperature.
Multidrug resistance and multi disinfectant resistance
List the diffusible Exotoxins and state their functions
They include;
Alkaline proteases
Elastase; digest elastin
Hemolysins: digests fibrin of RBC.
Phospholipase: digests host cell wall.
Exotoxin A: binds to elongation factor 2 and inhibit protein synthesis of host cell.
List the non-diffusable toxins.
State their system of secretion.
And outline their function
They include;
Exotoxins S,U,T,Y
They are secreted by Type 3 secretion system {T3SS}
They are released from pseudomonas cytoplasm to host’s cytoplasm where they disrupt and corrupt cellular processes, cellular membranes integrity which facilitates Bacteria invasion.
Iridescence is a culture feature of?
Pseudomonas in nutrient agar.
Gives large opaque irregular colonies with metallic sheen
List all the laboratory biochemical positives of pseudomonas
Citrate
Oxidase
Catalase
Glucose utilisation
Sucrose utilisation
Hydrolysis of starch.
Hydrolysis of Gelatin.
Nitrogen reduction
Pigment production
List all the laboratory negatives;
Gram stain.
Indole
Methyl red
Mannitol utilisation
Voges Proskauer
List the cephalosporins that pseudomonas is sensitive to;
Cefepime, Cefoperazones, ceftazidime
List the quinolones that pseudomonas is sensitive to;
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
List the penicillins , pseudomonas is sensitive to
Ticarcillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin
List the carbapenems, pseudomonas is sensitive to;
Imipenem, meropenem
List the monobactam , pseudomonas is sensitive to
Aztreonem
List the aminoglycosides, pseudomonas is sensitive to;
Amikacin, gentamicin,tobramycin
List the polymyxins, pseudomonas is sensitive to
Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E(colistin)
Foot webbed rot is an example of community acquired infxn seen in?
Soldiers in the tropics
Green fingers are features seen in pseudomonas is as a result of?
Frequent Immersion of fingers in water
