PSAD Flashcards
The ability of the material to deform under tensile stress.
ductility
The ability of a material to absorb energy when it is deformed elastically and release that energy upon loading.
resilience
The ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.
toughness
When a material is subjected to repeated cycle of stress or strain, what cause its structure to breakdown ultimately leading to fracture?
fatigue
When a material has to support a load for a long period of time, what causes it to continue to deform until a sudden fracture occurs?
creep
In what condition is a material when it breaks down and deforms permanently even due to a slight increase in stress above the elastic limit?
plasticity
It occurs when a building period coincides with the earthquake period.
resonance
It refers to the displacement of one level relative to the level above or below.
story drift
It occurs when the structure’s center of mass does not coincide with its center of rigidity.
torsional shear stress
Besides the epicenter, it describes the location of an earthquake.
focal depth
It is measured by a seismometer.
actual displacements
It is measured by Richter’s scale.
magnitude of an earthquake
The material has the same composition at every point but the elastic may not be the same in all directions.
homogenous
The composite material exhibits elastic properties in one direction different from that in the perpendicular direction.
orthotropic
The material has the same elastic properties in all directions.
isotropic
The material returns to its original shape when the load is removed.
elasticity
The material deforms considerably even with a slight increase in stress.
yielding
The material undergoes changes in its structure resulting in increased resistance to further deformation.
strain hardening
Stressing high strength steel wires before the concrete hardens.
pre-tensioning
Stressing high strength steel after the concrete has been cast and has attained sufficient strength.
post-tensioning
Loss of stress that takes place with the passage of time as concrete is held at a constant strain.
relaxation
Branch of mechanics which studies the effects and distribution of forces of rigid bodies which are and remain at rest.
statics
This principle states that the external effect of a force on a rigid body is the same for all points of application along its line of action.
principle of transmissibility
The “Slenderness Ratio” of the column is generally defined as the ratio of its:
unsupported length to its minimum radius of gyration
It is the point in the cross-section of the beam through which the plane of the transverse bending loads must pass so that the beam will bend without twisting.
shear center
In this point in bolted connections, the shear stress due to moment alone is equal in magnitude and opposite the direction of the shear stress due to force alone.
instantaneous center
The ratio of the stress of an elastic material to the strain.
modulus of elasticity
The ratio of the lateral strain to that of the linear strain is known as
Poisson’s Ratio
The maximum amount of strain energy that can be stored in a certain material without causing a permanent set is known as
modulus of resilience
A localized buckling type of a failure of the web of a steel beam or girder usually resulting from a concentrated load at that point is known as
web crippling
