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Pass The PSA > PSA learning points > Flashcards

PSA learning points Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment for pulmonary oedema

A

Furosemide IV 20-50ml daily

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2
Q

How is hypoglycaemia treated?

A

Oral intake: Sugar/buccal glucose
IV access: IV glucose 10-20g (1st line 20% 50-100ml OR alternative 10% 100-200ml)
No IV access: IM glucagon

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3
Q

How does dalteparin impact K+ levels?

A

Can raise them through inhibition of aldosterone

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4
Q

When do you stop antiplatelets before surgery?

A

7 days before

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5
Q

How do steroids impact glucose levels?

A

Can increase blood glucose

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6
Q

How does citalopram impact sodium levels?

A

Reduces sodium through SIADH

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7
Q

How can you generally decide if nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim is contraindicated for UTI?

A

Nitro: eGFR <45
Trimethoprim: 1st trimester, methotrexate

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8
Q

What is first line management for alcohol withdrawal?

A

Benzodiazepines

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9
Q

What INR requires bridging therapy prior to surgery?

A

<1.5

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10
Q

When should rivaroxaban be taken?

A

With food

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11
Q

How much can creatinine rise when commencing an ACEI?

A

up to 20%
Above that is concerning

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12
Q

How do you manage a steroid induced rise in glucose when on insulin therapy?

A

Increase insulin by 10%

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13
Q

What drugs cause acute dystonic reactions?
What management treats it?

A

Psychiatric drugs (psychotics and depressants)
Procyclidine hydrochloride

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14
Q

If someone hypos at night on biphasic insulin what should you do?

A

Increase their morning dose

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15
Q

What do you advise regarding COCP pills if
No sex, 1 pill missed
No sex, 2 pills missed
Unprotected sex

A

1 pill: Take missed and that day’s pill
2 pills: Take today’s and barrier for 7 days
Week 4,1: Emergency
Week 2: 7 days contraception
Week 3: Continue taking pills through omission week

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16
Q

What are the cutoff times for the following POP pills
Traditional
Levonogestrel

A

3 hours
12 hours

17
Q

Regarding cutoff times for POPs, what do you do if….
Under time
Over time

A

Under: Take as normal
Over time:
- Take missed pill ASAP
- Take next pill as usual
- Continue with rest of pack
- Use condoms for 48 hours

18
Q

For emergency contraception, when can you use…
Levonogesterel
Ullipristal acetate (EllaOne)
Intrauterine devices

A

3 days
5 days for the other two

19
Q

What cautions are require for EllaOne use?

A

Asthmatics
Breastfeeders

20
Q

What drug interacts with atorvostatin to cause myopathy

A

Fibrates
Clindamycin

21
Q

What should cross your mind if a patient on levothyroxine has a high TSH?

A

Check adherence

22
Q

What should you check for before commencing an antiemetic?

A

Parkinson’s history
QT interval

23
Q

How should insulin therapy be adapted if in DKA?

A

Swap fast actors for sliding scale
Continue long actors

24
Q

What drugs can cause serotonin syndrome?

A

SSRIs
Tramadol

25
Q

What drug is a go to for strong analgesia in renal impairment?

A

Oxycodone

26
Q

What eGFR cautions use of metformin?

A

under 30

27
Q

When would you taper rather than stop steroids?

A

> =40mg daily for 7 days
=3 weeks treatment
Recent repeated courses

28
Q

What advice is given for bisphosphonates

A

Take weekly
Take with food and stay upright for 30 mins after admin

29
Q

If an individual is sub transfusion level anaemic what do you do?

A

oral iron for normal Hb
Continue 3 months post-normal

30
Q

What are the causes of
HYPOkalaemia
HYPERkalaemia

A

HYPO: DIRE (Drugs, Intestinal, RTA, Endocrine)
HYPER: DREAD (Drugs, Renal failure, Endocrine, Artefact, DKA)

31
Q

What are the causes of SIADH?

A

SCLC
Infections
Abscesses
Drugs
Head injury

32
Q

What is the max rate of potassium/hr

A

<20mmol/hr

33
Q

What to do with anticoagulation if…
Large bleed
Small bleed
No bleed, INR 5-8
No bleed, INR >=8

A

Large bleed: 5-10mg IV vitamin K
Small bleed: 1-3mg IV vitamin K
No bleed, INR 5-8: withold
No bleed, INR >=8: Vit k 1-5mg Oral

34
Q

Which diabetic drugs cause…
Hypos
Weight gain
Weight loss
No change
Fluids, Fractures, fibrosis and Fucked liver

A

Hypos: Sulfonylurea, GLP-1s
Weight gain: Thiazolinediones
Weight loss: GLP-1, SGLT-2
No change: Metformin, DPP4Is
Fluids, Fractures, fibrosis and Fucked liver: Thiazolinediones

Pass The PSA (5 decks)

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