Adverse Drug Reactions Flashcards
Vancomycin and gentamicin are associated with what ADRs?
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
What is a common ADR across broad spec antibiotics?
C. Difficile
Particularly cephalosporins, cipro
What antihypertensives cause
Electrolyte abnormalities
Bradycardia
ACEIs and diuretics
B-blockers and CCBs
What antihypertensive causes…
dry cough
worsening of acute heart failure
Flushing
ACEIs (Arid)
B-blockers
CCBs (crimson skin)
Aside from bleeding, what are the side effects of aspirin?
Peptic ulcers
tinnitus in large doses
How can lithium ADRs present…
Early
Intermediate
Late
Tremor
Fatigue
Seizures, LOC, arrhythmias, DI
What antipsychotic can cause drowsiness and strange movement patterns?
Haloperidol
What are the ADRs of clozapine
Agranulocytosis
What are the ADRs of dexamethasone?
How does this compare with fludrocortisone
STEROIDS: Stomach ulcer, Thin skin, Edema, Right/left HF, Osteoporosis, Infection, Diabetes, Syndrome of cushings
Fludrocortisone causes high sodium .’. BP
What are the ADRs associated with NSAIDs?
NSAIDs: No urine, Systolic dysfunction, Asthma, Indigestion, Dyscrasia
Simvastatin ADRs
Myalgia, increased ALT/AST
Rhabdomyolysis
What is common about theophylline, phenytoin, digoxin and warfarin
Narrow therapeutic range
What are the enzyme inducers?
PC BRAS
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Barbiturates
Rifampicin
Alcohol
Sulphonylureas
What are the enzyme inhibitors?
AO DEVICES
Allopurinol
Omeprazole
Disulfram
Erythromycin
Valproate
Isoniazid
Ciprofloxacin
Ethanol
Sulphonamides
How do the following affect drug metabolism?
Alcohol
Grapefruit juice
Alcohol: inducer
Grapefruit juice: inhibitor
